1. Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>55 years |
2.431 |
52.6 |
2.187 |
47.4 |
<0.001 |
3.069 |
2.737 |
3.443 |
46–55 years |
2.323 |
48.0 |
2.515 |
52.0 |
<0.001 |
2.550 |
2.275 |
2.859 |
36–45 years |
2.330 |
39.7 |
3.538 |
60.3 |
<0.001 |
1.818 |
1.626 |
2.034 |
26–35 years |
1.295 |
29.5 |
3.100 |
70.5 |
0.018 |
1.154 |
1.025 |
1.299 |
19–25 years |
532 |
26.6 |
1.469 |
73.4 |
|
Reference |
|
|
2. Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
3.878 |
44.5 |
4.830 |
55.5 |
<0.001 |
1.273 |
1.205 |
1.345 |
Female |
5.033 |
38.7 |
7.979 |
61.3 |
|
Reference |
|
|
3. Education level |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Uneducation (never been to school/not completed primary school) |
2.510 |
49.2 |
2.590 |
50.8 |
<0.001 |
1.745 |
1.627 |
1.871 |
Low education (primary school certificate) |
3.260 |
41.7 |
4.564 |
58.3 |
<0.001 |
1.286 |
1.208 |
1.369 |
High education (high school and above) |
3.141 |
35.7 |
5.655 |
64.3 |
|
Reference |
|
|
4. Diabetes history in first degree |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes |
124 |
50.8 |
120 |
49.2 |
0.002 |
1.492 |
1.159 |
1.921 |
No/unknown |
8.787 |
40.9 |
12.689 |
59.1 |
|
Reference |
|
|
5. Smoking habit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes (daily and occasional smoker) |
2.920 |
45.8 |
3.454 |
54.2 |
<0.001 |
1.320 |
1.244 |
1.400 |
No (ex-daily, ex-occasional, and non-smoker) |
5.991 |
39.0 |
9.355 |
61.0 |
|
Reference |
|
|
6. BMI (kg/m2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≥25 (obese) |
2.706 |
43.4 |
3,526 |
56.6 |
<0.001 |
1.155 |
1.085 |
1.228 |
23–24.9 (overweight) |
1.412 |
40.5 |
2.072 |
59.5 |
0.525 |
1.025 |
0.949 |
1.107 |
18.5–22.9 (normal) |
4.793 |
39.9 |
7.211 |
60.1 |
|
Reference |
|
|
7. High physical activity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No or ≤1,500 MET-min/week |
5.298 |
39.2 |
8.215 |
60.8 |
<0.001 |
0.820 |
0.776 |
0.867 |
≥1,500 MET-min/week |
3.613 |
44.0 |
4.594 |
56.0 |
|
Reference |
|
|
8. Moderate physical activity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No or <150 min/week |
1.238 |
45.0 |
1.514 |
55.0 |
<0.001 |
1.204 |
1.111 |
1.305 |
≥150 min/week |
7.673 |
40.5 |
11.295 |
59.5 |
|
Reference |
|
|
9. Physical activity classification |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No or less active |
353 |
39.5 |
541 |
60.5 |
0.049 |
0.866 |
0.751 |
0.999 |
High or moderate physical activity |
5.830 |
40.3 |
8.647 |
59.7 |
<0.001 |
0.895 |
0.843 |
0.950 |
Both high and moderate physical activity |
2.728 |
43.0 |
3.621 |
57.0 |
|
Reference |
|
|
10. Sedentary lifestyle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≥6 h/day |
1.940 |
39.6 |
2.960 |
60.4 |
0.059 |
0.932 |
0.866 |
1.003 |
3–5.9 h/day |
3.834 |
41.6 |
5.389 |
58.4 |
0.716 |
1.011 |
0.951 |
1.076 |
<3 h/day |
3.137 |
41.3 |
4.460 |
58.7 |
|
Reference |
|
|
11. Diet fiber (fruits and vegetables)/day |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<1 serving |
1.770 |
41.7 |
2.476 |
58.3 |
0.515 |
1.062 |
0.885 |
1.275 |
1–<2 servings |
3.805 |
40.7 |
5.538 |
59.3 |
0.816 |
1.021 |
0.856 |
1.218 |
2–<3 servings |
1.757 |
41.6 |
2.471 |
58.4 |
0.553 |
1.057 |
0.881 |
1.268 |
3–<4 servings |
1.091 |
40.6 |
1.597 |
59.4 |
0.874 |
1.015 |
0.841 |
1.226 |
4–<5 servings |
270 |
40.1 |
403 |
59.9 |
0.971 |
0.996 |
0.791 |
1.254 |
≥5 servings |
218 |
40.2 |
324 |
59.8 |
|
Reference |
|
|
12. SBP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≥160 mmHg |
971 |
51.5 |
914 |
48.5 |
<0.001 |
2.013 |
1.820 |
2.225 |
140–159 mmHg |
1.441 |
48.0 |
1.560 |
52.0 |
<0.001 |
1.750 |
1.609 |
1.904 |
120–139 mmHg |
3.474 |
43.0 |
4.604 |
57.0 |
<0.001 |
1.430 |
1.343 |
1.521 |
<120 mmHg |
3.025 |
34.5 |
5.731 |
65.5 |
|
Reference |
|
|
13. DBP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≥100 mmHg |
888 |
47.3 |
988 |
52.7 |
<0.001 |
1.451 |
1.314 |
1.603 |
90–99 mmHg |
1.430 |
43.3 |
1.869 |
56.7 |
<0.001 |
1.235 |
1.140 |
1.338 |
80–89 mmHg |
2.908 |
42.1 |
4.003 |
57.9 |
<0.001 |
1.173 |
1.101 |
1.249 |
<80 mmHg |
3.685 |
38.2 |
5.949 |
61.8 |
|
Reference |
|
|
Total |
8.911 |
41.0 |
12.809 |
59.0 |
|
|
|
|