Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the EDIP population by retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy status
| Baseline characteristics | Retinopathy (n=194) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=24) | No (n=170) | p-value | |
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Treatment | 0.41 | ||
| • Acarbose | 10 (41.7) | 86 (50.6) | |
| • Placebo | 14 (58.3) | 84 (49.4) | |
| Sex | 0.59 | ||
| • Male | 7 (29.2) | 59 (34.7) | |
| • Female | 17 (70.8) | 111 (65.3) | |
| Mean±SD | Mean±SD | ||
| Age (years) | 54.6±11.6 | 54.1±11.5 | 0.85 |
| Weight (kg) | 97.9±18.3 | 97.8±20.4 | 0.98 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 35.3±7.5 | 34.8±6.6 | 0.74 |
| FPG (mmol/min) | 6.8±0.8 | 6.7±0.8 | 0.67 |
| OGTT 30 min glucose (mmol/L) | 10.8±2.2 | 10.9±1.9 | 0.89 |
| OGTT 60 min glucose (mmol/L) | 13.3±1.7 | 13.4±1.9 | 0.74 |
| OGTT 120 min glucose (mmol/L) | 12.7±1.62 | 13.1±1.7 | 0.27 |
| HbA1C (%) | 6.3±0.7 | 6.0±1.8 | 0.22 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 130.5±14.0 | 133.4±17.9 | 0.46 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75.7±12.2 | 75.3±11.0 | 0.87 |
| Lipids (mmol/L) | |||
| •Total Cholesterol | 5.0±1.1 | 5.0±1.0 | 0.96 |
| •HDL Cholesterol | 1.0±0.3 | 1.0±0.2 | 0.40 |
| •LDL Cholesterol | 3.1±1.0 | 3.0±0.9 | 0.80 |
| •Triglycerides | 1.9±0.9 | 2.2±1.2 | 0.22 |
| HOMA-IR (U) | 5.4±4.0 | 5.6±4.0 | 0.75 |
| Fasting Insulin (pmol/L) | 127.9±84.5 | 138.3±85.9 | 0.59 |
| Insulinogenic Index (pmol/mmol) | 53.8±72.4 | 68.7±78.6 | 0.39 |
| Disposition Index (U) | 0.4±0.4 | 0.6±0.4 | 0.25 |
| Fasting NEFA (mmol/L) | 627.6±151.5 | 568.9±204.3 | 0.18 |
Note: P-values reported are from chi-square analysis for categorical variables, or unpaired t-test for continuous variables. Sample sizes in the column headings represent the number of evaluable participants for each microvascular complication.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HTN, hypertension; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HbA1C, hemogloblin A1C; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model of insulin resistance; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acids; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.