Table III.
Population (N = 21,959,394) and sample of respondents (n = 4511) compared by individual characteristics.
| Characteristics | Populationa (P) |
Gross Sampleb |
Respondentsc (R) |
Difference (R-P) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | % | % | % | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 50.9 | 49.7 | 49.5 | −1.4 |
| Female | 49.1 | 50.3 | 50.5 | 1.4 |
| Year of birth | ||||
| 1951–1956 | 16.9 | 17.3 | 20.1 | 3.2 |
| 1957–1962 | 22.5 | 21.9 | 23.4 | 0.9 |
| 1963–1968 | 25.3 | 24.8 | 24.4 | −0.9 |
| 1969–1974 | 18.9 | 19.6 | 18.7 | −0.2 |
| 1975–1980 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 13.4 | −3.0 |
| East/West marker of business establishment | ||||
| East | 16.0 | 19.8 | 21.2 | 5.2 |
| West | 84.0 | 80.1 | 78.4 | −5.6 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Education | ||||
| Secondary modern, middle school without professional training | 8.7 | 8.7 | 7.2 | −1.5 |
| Secondary modern, middle school with professional training | 52.5 | 52.0 | 53.5 | 1.0 |
| General qualification for university entrance without professional training | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | −0.1 |
| General qualification for university entrance with professional training | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 0.9 |
| Polytechnic degree | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 0.9 |
| University (academic) degree | 7.0 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 1.3 |
| Education unknown | 22.3 | 22.4 | 19.3 | −3.0 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Marginal employment | ||||
| Employment subject to social insurance contribution | 88.0 | 88.1 | 88.9 | 0.8 |
| Marginally employed | 12.0 | 11.7 | 10.7 | −1.3 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Occupational status and working hours | ||||
| Unknown | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Full time | 68.4 | 68.1 | 67.3 | −1.1 |
| Part time | 31.3 | 31.5 | 32.1 | 0.8 |
| Homeworker, apprentice etc. | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | −0.1 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Nationality | ||||
| Unknown | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.1 |
| German | 92.7 | 93.1 | 94.9 | 2.2 |
| Other than German | 7.3 | 6.8 | 4.7 | −2.6 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Daily wages in categories | ||||
| Daily wage below EUR50 | 31 | 31.5 | 29.4 | −1.7 |
| Daily wage EUR50 up to less than EUR85 | 25.2 | 25.3 | 24.0 | −1.2 |
| Daily wage EUR85 up to less than EUR120 | 21.6 | 21.7 | 23.2 | 1.6 |
| Daily wage EUR120 and more | 22.2 | 21.4 | 23.1 | 0.9 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Occupational classification by Blossfeld | ||||
| Other, status (i.e. impaired) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Other, no answer (i.e. internships) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| Agrarian occupations | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.0 |
| Simple manual occupations | 11.8 | 11.6 | 10.1 | −1.7 |
| Qualified manual occupations | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 0.3 |
| Technicians | 4.7 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 0.8 |
| Engineers | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 0.6 |
| Simple services | 16.7 | 16.0 | 13.5 | −3.2 |
| Qualified services | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.1 | −0.3 |
| Semi professions | 8.6 | 8.9 | 11.2 | 2.6 |
| Professions | 2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 0.4 |
| Simple commercial and administrative occupations | 9.6 | 9.6 | 8.6 | −1.0 |
| Qualified commercial and administrative occupations | 21.5 | 22.1 | 22.5 | 1.0 |
| Management | 3.1 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 0.0 |
| No answer | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Total in % | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |
| Total (abs.) | 21,959,394 | 13,590 | 4511 | |
a
Integrated Employment Biographies (IEB) of all employees subject to social security contribution aged 31 to 60 years in Germany on the reference date.
b
Sample drawn from the IEB.
c
Sample of respondents.