Table 1.
Univariable logistic regression for factors associated with insufficient Gg concentrations (<50 g/L) in colostrum samples
| Gg ≥ 50 g/L | Gg < 50 g/L | OR (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Individual variables | |||||
| Duration of gestation | |||||
| ≥280 days | 277 | 84.5 | 51 | 15.5 | 1 |
| <280 days | 30 | 81.1 | 7 | 18.9 | 1.3 (0.5–3.0) |
| Lactation number | |||||
| 1 | 76 | 84.4 | 14 | 15.6 | 1 |
| 2 | 57 | 72.2 | 22 | 27.8 | 2.1 (1.0–4.4)# |
| 3 | 63 | 86.3 | 10 | 13.7 | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) |
| ≥4 | 117 | 90.7 | 12 | 9.3 | 0.6 (0.2–1.3) |
| Duration of dry period | |||||
| ≥6 weeks | 224 | 85.2 | 39 | 14.8 | 1 |
| <6 weeks | 12 | 75.0 | 4 | 25.0 | 1.9 (0.6–6.0) |
| Leakage of colostrum AP | |||||
| None | 179 | 90.4 | 19 | 9.6 | 1 |
| Weak | 112 | 81.2 | 26 | 18.8 | 2.2 (1.2–4.1)* |
| Intensive | 19 | 61.3 | 12 | 38.7 | 6.0 (2.5–14.1)*** |
| Time to first milking PP | |||||
| <2 hours | 177 | 88.1 | 24 | 11.9 | 1 |
| 2–≤6 hours | 117 | 83.0 | 24 | 17.0 | 1.5 (0.8–2.8) |
| >6 hours | 21 | 67.7 | 10 | 32.3 | 3.5 (1.5–8.3)** |
| Location of parturition | |||||
| Tied‐in stall | 267 | 84.8 | 48 | 15.2 | 1 |
| Calving box | 30 | 78.9 | 8 | 21.1 | 1.5 (0.6–3.4) |
| Free stall | 3 | 60.0 | 2 | 40.0 | 3.7 (0.6–22.8) |
| Outdoors | 15 | 100.0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Course of parturition | |||||
| Normal | 262 | 86.2 | 42 | 13.8 | 1 |
| Assisted (farmer) | 38 | 79.2 | 10 | 20.8 | 1.6 (0.8–3.5) |
| Assisted (veterinarian) | 13 | 68.4 | 6 | 31.6 | 2.9 (1.0–8.0)* |
| Cesarean section | 2 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | – |
| Puerperal disease (individual) | |||||
| No | 277 | 82.9 | 57 | 17.1 | 1 |
| Yes | 37 | 97.4 | 1 | 2.6 | 0.1 (0.02–1.0)* |
| Herd‐level variables | |||||
| Dairy farm only | |||||
| Yes | 248 | 85.5 | 42 | 14.5 | 1 |
| No | 65 | 81.2 | 15 | 18.8 | 1.4 (0.7–2.6) |
| Infertility (herd level) | |||||
| No | 225 | 84.3 | 42 | 15.7 | 1 |
| Yes | 86 | 85.1 | 15 | 14.9 | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) |
| Increased incidence of puerperal diseases | |||||
| No | 298 | 84.2 | 56 | 15.8 | 1 |
| Yes | 13 | 92.9 | 1 | 7.1 | 0.4 (0.1–3.2) |
| Increased incidence of lameness | |||||
| No | 303 | 85.1 | 53 | 14.9 | 1 |
| Yes | 8 | 66.7 | 4 | 33.3 | 2.9 (0.8–9.8) |
| Mastitis (herd level) | |||||
| No | 130 | 83.9 | 25 | 16.1 | 1 |
| Rarely | 101 | 87.1 | 15 | 12.9 | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) |
| Sometimes | 78 | 83.0 | 16 | 17.0 | 1.1 (0.5–2.1) |
| Often | 2 | 66.7 | 1 | 33.3 | 2.6 (0.2–29.8) |
Gg, gamma globulin; OR, odds ratio; CI, 95% confidence interval; AP, ante‐partum; PP, post‐partum.
*P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01 and ***P ≤ 0.001; # P = 0.054.