Table 2. HRs and 95% CIs for variables evaluated as potential predictors of mortality among all the patients.
| Factors | HR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 0.90 | 0.86–0.94 | <0.0001 |
| Age | |||
| 1 year increase | 1.07 | 1.06–1.07 | <0.0001 |
| Hemodialysis duration (years) a | |||
| 2–5 years (%) | 0.93 | 0.89–0.98 | 0.003 |
| 5–10 years (%) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 10–15 years (%) | 1.12 | 1.06–1.19 | <0.0001 |
| 15–20 years (%) | 1.37 | 1.26–1.48 | <0.0001 |
| 20–25 years (%) | 1.47 | 1.32–1.63 | <0.0001 |
| 25–30 years (%) | 1.37 | 1.21–1.56 | <0.0001 |
| ≥ 30 years (%) | 1.22 | 1.05–1.41 | 0.008 |
| Presence of DM | |||
| non-DM | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| DM | 1.53 | 1.47–1.59 | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidity of CVD | |||
| No comorbidity of CVD | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Comorbidity of CVD | 1.60 | 1.53–1.67 | <0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin | |||
| 1 g/dL increase | 0.89 | 0.87–0.90 | <0.0001 |
| C-reactive protein | |||
| 1 mg/dL increase | 1.10 | 1.09–1.11 | <0.0001 |
| Kt/V a | |||
| <0.8 | 2.26 | 1.91–2.67 | <0.0001 |
| 0.8–1.0 | 1.50 | 1.37–1.65 | <0.0001 |
| 1.0–1.2 | 1.17 | 1.10–1.24 | <0.0001 |
| 1.2–1.4 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 1.4–1.6 | 0.98 | 0.93–1.03 | 0.442 |
| 1.6–1.8 | 0.91 | 0.86–0.97 | 0.005 |
| 1.8–2.0 | 0.86 | 0.78–0.94 | 0.001 |
| ≥ 2.0 | 0.79 | 0.70–0.89 | <0.0001 |
| Normalized protein catabolic rate (g/kg/day) a | |||
| <0.5 | 2.86 | 2.49–3.28 | <0.0001 |
| 0.5–0.7 | 1.39 | 1.31–1.47 | <0.0001 |
| 0.7–0.9 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 0.9–1.1 | 0.92 | 0.87–0.96 | 0.00020 |
| 1.1–1.3 | 0.82 | 0.77–0.89 | <0.0001 |
| ≥ 1.3 | 0.95 | 0.82–1.11 | 0.546 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) a | |||
| < 3.0 | 3.86 | 3.62–4.12 | <0.0001 |
| 3.0–3.5 | 1.72 | 1.64–1.81 | <0.0001 |
| 3.5–4.0 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 4.0–4.5 | 0.86 | 0.81–0.91 | <0.0001 |
| ≥ 4.5 | 1.03 | 0.87–1.20 | 0.757 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) a | |||
| < 8.5 | 1.30 | 1.23–1.37 | <0.0001 |
| 8.5–9.5 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 9.5–10.5 | 0.97 | 0.92–1.02 | 0.256 |
| ≥ 10.5 | 1.16 | 1.04–1.28 | 0.006 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) a | |||
| <3.5 | 1.69 | 1.59–1.80 | <0.0001 |
| 3.5–4.5 | 1.14 | 1.08–1.21 | <0.0001 |
| 4.5–5.5 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 5.5–6.5 | 0.94 | 0.82–1.07 | 0.351 |
| 6.5–7.5 | 1.08 | 0.97–1.20 | 0.166 |
| 7.5–8.5 | 1.14 | 1.08–1.21 | <0.0001 |
| ≥8.5 | 1.22 | 1.13–1.31 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) a | |||
| < 80 | 1.61 | 1.33–1.95 | <0.0001 |
| 80–120 | 1.24 | 1.17–1.31 | <0.0001 |
| 120–160 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 160–200 | 0.91 | 0.86–0.95 | <0.0001 |
| 200–240 | 0.86 | 0.79–0.94 | 0.0003 |
| ≥ 240 | 1.04 | 0.88–1.23 | 0.621 |
| Body mass index (m/kg2) a | |||
| < 16.0 | 2.40 | 2.22–2.60 | <0.0001 |
| 16–18 | 1.50 | 1.41–1.60 | <0.0001 |
| 18–20 | 1.15 | 1.09–1.22 | <0.0001 |
| 20–22 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 22–24 | 0.93 | 0.87–0.99 | 0.038 |
| 24–26 | 0.90 | 0.83–0.98 | 0.011 |
| 26–28 | 0.90 | 0.80–1.00 | 0.051 |
| ≥ 28 | 0.90 | 0.77–1.02 | 0.095 |
| % creatinine generation rate (%) a | |||
| < 60 | 2.55 | 2.37–2.75 | <0.0001 |
| 60–70 | 1.75 | 1.61–1.91 | <0.0001 |
| 70–80 | 1.44 | 1.33–1.56 | <0.0001 |
| 80–90 | 1.14 | 1.05–1.23 | 0.001 |
| 90–100 | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 100–110 | 0.96 | 0.89–1.00 | 0.284 |
| 110–120 | 0.86 | 0.79–0.93 | <0.0001 |
| 120–130 | 0.80 | 0.73–0.87 | <0.001 |
| ≥ 130 | 0.79 | 0.73–0.87 | <0.0001 |
a Ranges are inclusive on the lower end and exclusive on the upper end.
CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HR, hazard ratio.