TABLE 3.
Multivariable-Adjusted Logistic Regression Models for Changes in Abdominal Fat Volume With Incident Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
| Model | Overall Participants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Δ in SAT Volume | p Value | Δ in VAT Volume | p Value | ||
| Hypertension | Incident* | 115/881 (13.1) | |||
| MV† | 1.21 (1.03, 1.41) | 0.02 | 1.30 (1.10, 1.55) | 0.002 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.21 (1.03, 1.41) | 0.02 | 1.30 (1.10, 1.55) | 0.003 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.21 (1.03, 1.41) | 0.02 | 1.32 (1.11, 1.57) | 0.002 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.65 | – | 0.03 | |
|
| |||||
| Impaired fasting glucose | Incident* | 130/788 (16.5) | |||
| MV† | 1.25 (1.08,1.45) | 0.003 | 1.10 (0.94,1.29) | 0.23 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.24 (1.06,1.44) | 0.006 | 1.08 (0.92,1.26) | 0.37 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.24 (1.07,1.45) | 0.004 | 1.09 (0.93,1.27) | 0.31 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.08 | – | 0.001 | |
|
| |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | Incident* | 36/1,075 (3.3) | |||
| MV† | 1.00 (0.81, 1.24) | 0.99 | 1.13 (0.89, 1.43) | 0.31 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.00 (0.81, 1.24) | 0.99 | 1.15 (0.91, 1.45) | 0.25 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.00 (0.80, 1.24) | 0.98 | 1.13 (0.90, 1.43) | 0.30 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.18 | – | 0.75 | |
|
| |||||
| Hypercholesterolemia | Incident* | 150/900 (16.7) | |||
| MV† | 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) | 0.18 | 1.37 (1.18, 1.60) | <0.0001 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) | 0.17 | 1.38 (1.18, 1.61) | <0.0001 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) | 0.18 | 1.40 (1.20, 1.63) | <0.0001 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.16 | – | 0.12 | |
|
| |||||
| Low HDL cholesterol | Incident* | 31/806 (3.8) | |||
| MV† | 1.20 (0.93, 1.54) | 0.16 | 1.48 (1.12, 1.97) | 0.007 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.22 (0.94, 1.57) | 0.13 | 1.46 (1.10, 1.95) | 0.01 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.20 (0.93, 1.54) | 0.16 | 1.44 (1.08, 1.92) | 0.01 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.43 | – | 0.86 | |
|
| |||||
| Hypertriglyceridemia | Incident* | 141/777 (18.1) | |||
| MV† | 1.15 (1.01, 1.30) | 0.04 | 1.56 (1.33, 1.83) | <0.0001 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.15 (1.01, 1.31) | 0.03 | 1.58 (1.34, 1.85) | <0.0001 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.14 (1.00, 1.30) | 0.047 | 1.59 (1.35, 1.87) | <0.0001 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.09 | – | 0.57 | |
|
| |||||
| Metabolic syndrome | Incident* | 109/831 (13.1) | |||
| MV† | 1.43 (1.23, 1.68) | <0.0001 | 1.82 (1.51, 2.19) | <0.0001 | |
| MV + BMI† | 1.41 (1.20, 1.65) | <0.0001 | 1.76 (1.46, 2.11) | <0.0001 | |
| MV + WC† | 1.42 (1.21, 1.66) | <0.0001 | 1.77 (1.47, 2.13) | <0.0001 | |
| Sex interaction‡ | – | 0.48 | – | 0.02 | |
Values are n/n (%) or odds ratio (95% confidence interval). The results show the odds of cardiovascular disease risk factor for each additional 500 cm3 increase in the change in abdominal fat volume.
The number of new cases of a cardiovascular disease risk factor at follow-up divided by the number of persons at risk for the risk factor.
Multivariable (MV) model was adjusted for baseline fat volume, baseline cardiovascular disease risk factors, age, sex, current smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, postmenopausal status (women only), and hormone replacement therapy (women only). MV + body mass index (BMI) model was additionally adjusted for BMI change. MV + waist circumference (WC) model was additionally adjusted for waist circumference change.
Sex interaction was examined based on the multivariable-adjusted model.