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. 2017 Sep 14;7:11513. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-11591-5

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Calnexin contains an ER retention domain that decreases surface expression of hCa_v3.2 channels. (A) Confocal images of non-permeabilized tsA-201 cells expressing hCa_v3.2-HA along with CNX constructs and stained for hCav3.2-HA (green) using a primary anti-HA antibody. (B) Corresponding mean surface expression of hCa_v3.2-HA. (C) Representative Ba²⁺ current traces recorded from tsA-201 cells expressing hCa_v3.2-HA channels alone (top left panel) or in combination with CNX full-length (CNX^AD, top right panel), CNX missing the cytosolic domain (CNX^AC, bottom left panel), or CNX lacking the luminal domain (CNX^BD, bottom right panel) in response to 150-ms depolarizing steps varied from −80 to +50 mV from a holding potential of −100 mV. (D) Corresponding mean current/voltage relationships for hCa_v3.2-HA expressed alone (black circles, n = 95) and in combination with CNX^AD (blue circles, n = 42), CNX^AC (purple circles, n = 41), and CNX^BD (green circles, n = 42). (E) Corresponding mean maximum slope conductance G _max expressed in percentage of hCa_v3.2-HA-expressing cells. Note that co-expression of the ER-dsRed as no significant effect on hCa_v3.2-HA currents (dark red bar, n = 26). Data are presented as mean ± SEM and were analyzed by Student’s unpaired t test; NS not significant, ***p < 0.001.