. 2017 Aug 31;19(8):e303. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7487

Table 2.

Summary of outcomes.

First author (year)	Sample diagnosis	Mean sessions completed, %^a	Primary outcome	Improvement^b
First author (year)	Sample diagnosis	Mean sessions completed, %^a	Primary outcome	Over time	Greater than comparison	Maintained at follow-up
Gardner-Nix (2008) [34]	Chronic pain	Unclear	Quality of life—physical health	No	No	N/A^c
			Quality of life—mental health	Yes	Yes^d	N/A
			Pain catastrophizing	Yes	Yes^d	N/A
			Usual pain	Yes	Yes^d	N/A
Buhrman (2013) [29]	Chronic pain	60	Pain acceptance	Yes	Yes	Yes (6 mo^e)
Davis (2013) [33]	Fibromyalgia	69	Pain	No	No	N/A
			Pain coping efficacy	Yes	Yes	N/A
			Positive affect	Yes	Yes	N/A
			Negative affect	Yes	No	N/A
			Social engagement	Yes	Yes	N/A
			Loneliness	Yes	Yes	N/A
			Family stress	Yes	No	N/A
			Family enjoyment	Yes	Yes	N/A
			Stress coping efficacy	Yes	Yes	N/A
Dowd (2015) [30]	Chronic pain	94^f	Pain interference	Yes	No	Yes (6 mo)
			Psychological distress	No	No	No (6 mo)
Trompetter (2015) [31]	Chronic pain	Unclear	Pain interference	Yes	No^g	No^g (6 mo)
Younge (2015) [35]	Heart disease	Unclear	Exercise capacity	Yes	Marginally (P=.05)	N/A
Ljótsson (2010) [36]	IBS^h	Unclear	IBS symptoms	Yes	Yes	N/A
			IBS symptom severity	Yes	Yes	Yes (3 mo)
Ljótsson (2011) [38]	IBS	Unclear	IBS symptom severity	Yes	Yes	Yes (6 mo)
Ljótsson (2011) [39]	IBS	Unclear	IBS symptom severity	Yes	Yes	Yes (12 mo)
Ljótsson (2014) [40]	IBS	Unclear	IBS symptom severity	Yes	Yes	Yes (6 mo)
Thompson (2010) [41]	Epilepsy	75ⁱ	Depressive symptoms	Yes	Yes	N/A
Thompson (2015) [42]	Epilepsy	83	Depressive symptoms	Yes	Yes	Yes (4.5-5 mo)
Hesser (2012) [43]	Tinnitus	Unclear	Tinnitus distress severity	Yes	Yes^d	Yes (12 mo)
Johansson (2015) [44]	Acquired brain injury	Unclear	Mental fatigue	Yes	Yes	N/A
Zernicke (2014) [45]	Cancer	67	Feasibility	N/A	N/A	N/A
Bruggeman-Everts (2015) [47]	Cancer	70	Fatigue severity	Yes	N/A	N/A

^aMean intervention completion refers to the mean % of modules the participants participated in.

^bImprovement—Over time and Improvement—Greater than comparison refer to postintervention assessments.

^cN/A: not applicable.

^dGreater than wait-list control but not greater than on-site comparison group.

^emo: months.

^fOf those who completed follow-up.

^gGreater than active comparison group but not wait-list control.

^hIBS: irritable bowel syndrome.

ⁱMedian reported.