Table 2.
Differences between smartphone-owning and nonowning smokers on health behaviors, health status, health care access and utilization, and Internet and technology use.
| Variable | Smartphone ownersa (n=248) | Nonownersa (n=231) | Pb | |
| Tobacco use behavior and attitudes, n (%) | ||||
| Daily smoker (n=479) | 173 (68.5) | 192 (80.3) | .20 | |
| Made quit attempt in past year (n=476) | 159 (59.5) | 136 (55.6) | .71 | |
| Considering quitting in next 6 months (n=472) | 167 (63.4) | 136 (57.8) | .51 | |
| Believe that quitting reduces harm of smoking “a lot” (n=476) | 189 (83.7) | 147 (62.0) | .04 | |
| Other health behaviors | ||||
| Gets recommended ≥150 min/week of moderate exercise, n (%) (n=474) | 115 (54.8) | 78 (43.6) | .30 | |
| Total cups of fruit and vegetable consumption per day, mean (SD) (n=470) | 2.7 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.2) | .03 | |
| Tried to increase exercise in past year, n (%) (n=465) | 134 (59.8) | 68 (26.2) | .001 | |
| Tried to change weight in past year, n (%) (n=466) | 138 (55.5) | 83 (31.9) | .02 | |
| Tried to increase fruit or veg consumption in past year, n (%) (n=459) | 123 (42.6) | 81 (38.9) | .72 | |
| Physical and mental health status, n (%) | ||||
| Overweight/obese (BMI ≥25.0) (n=463) | 149 (63.3) | 135 (54.9) | .47 | |
| Positive screen for current depression (n=463) | 52 (12.9) | 66 (37.5) | .02 | |
| Positive screen for current anxiety (n=460) | 51 (17.2) | 57 (32.7) | .10 | |
| Ever diagnosed with depression/anxiety disorder (n=466) | 77 (22.0) | 97 (45.1) | .04 | |
| Ever diagnosed with diabetes (n=466) | 32 (7.3) | 58 (21.3) | .02 | |
| Ever diagnosed with of hypertension (n=468) | 96 (24.6) | 117 (39.3) | .02 | |
| Ever diagnosed with heart condition (n=468) | 21 (5.1) | 32 (9.6) | .30 | |
| Ever diagnosed with lung disease (n=467) | 49 (13.4) | 56 (22.3) | .23 | |
| Ever diagnosed with arthritis (n=466) | 65 (17.8) | 93 (34.5) | .04 | |
| Ever diagnosed with cancer (n=477) | 25 (4.5) | 26 (7.4) | .30 | |
| Health care access and utilization, n (%) | ||||
| Have health care coverage (n=478) | 192 (78.2) | 184 (84.6) | .32 | |
| Visited health care provider in past year (excluding ER) (n=469) | 187 (69.8) | 187 (78.5) | .36 | |
| Technology and Internet usage, n (%) | ||||
| Use Internet (n=479) | 224 (95.1) | 127 (52.5) | .001 | |
| Have tablet (n=479) | 139 (59.0) | 47 (24.6) | .001 | |
| Exchanged medical information by email with a provider (n=474) | 69 (24.7) | 22 (6.6) | .03 | |
| Exchanged medical information by text with a provider (n=474) | 22 (5.7) | 15 (4.8) | .72 | |
| Exchanged medical information by app with a provider (n=474) | 19 (6.6) | 7 (3.9) | .51 | |
| Exchanged medical information by video conference with a provider (n=474) | 2 (0.4) | 5 (2.1) | .36 | |
| Exchanged medical information by social media with a provider (n=474) | 15 (4.4) | 8 (4.3) | .98 | |
aPercentage values as well as mean and standard deviation in table are weighted by the overall sample weight.
bP values were calculated using chi-square tests for independence on the weighted percentages.