Proviral load (PVL) and profiles of CADM1 versus CD7 in CD4+ cells from ACs and ATL patients. (a) PVL of ACs (n = 17) and ATL patients (n = 3). ACs were divided into stable ACs (sACs) and high-risk ACs (hrACs) on the basis of a high PVL (more than four copies/100 PBMCs) (22). According to this definition, three ACs (AC11, AC16, and AC17) were defined as hrACs. (b) Representative profiles of CADM1 versus CD7 in CD4+ cells (HAS flow profiles) in each case of sAC, hrAC, cATL, and aATL. P (CADM1− CD7+), D (CADM1+ CD7dim), and N (CADM1+ CD7−) subpopulations were gated according to our previous report (20). (c) The proportion of CADM1+ (D + N gates) in CD4+ cells in the samples from sACs, hrACs, and ATL patients are summarized. sACs with PVLs of <4 copies/100 PBMCs had CADM1+ (D + N) values of less than 10%. hrACs (AC11, -16, and -17) with high PVLs (>4 copies/100 PBMCs) had CADM1+ values of more than 10%. Both chronic- and acute-type ATL patients had remarkably high frequencies of CADM1+ subpopulations.