. 2017 Sep 15;29(9):1483–1489. doi: 10.1589/jpts.29.1483

Table 2. Life satisfaction score by age group.

Variables	Subcategory	Young-old (65 to 79 years) mean ± SD^†	Old-old (80 years or older) mean ± SD^†
Gender	Male	59.5 ± 17.6^**	53.8 ± 18.8
Gender	Female	55.9 ± 17.7	51.2 ± 19.9
Age	(Continuous value)	57.5 ± 17.7^**	52.1 ± 19.6
Depression	No	62.6 ± 15.5^**	60.5 ± 17.5^**
Depression	Yes	52.8 ± 18.3	48.2 ± 19.1
Cognitive impairment	Fair	61.5 ± 15.8^**	59.9 ± 16.2^**
	Mild	53.9 ± 18.2	53.9 ± 17.6
	Moderate or severe	48.8 ± 19.0	47.2 ± 20.5
K-ADL score	(Continuous value)	57.5 ± 17.7^**	52.1 ± 19.6^**
Chronic diseases	No	61.6 ± 15.8^**	56.4 ± 19.1^*
Chronic diseases	Yes	56.1 ± 18.1	51.1 ± 19.6
Level of education	Less than elementary school	55.0 ± 17.8^**	50.6 ± 19.8^**
	Middle school	58.7 ± 17.2	57.1 ± 18.0
	High school	61.7 ± 17.0	58.3 ± 17.3
	College or higher	65.5 ± 16.0	63.0 ± 14.9
Marital status	Widowed/divorced/single	53.6 ± 19.1^**	51.2 ± 19.8
Marital status	Married	58.9 ± 17.0	53.5 ± 19.2
Social activities	None	49.9 ± 18.9^**	47.3 ± 20.1^**
	1	59.6 ± 16.0	55.9 ± 17.9
	2	62.8 ± 17.0	58.9 ± 18.7
	3+	68.8 ± 16.7	67.5 ± 14.9
Familial communication	(Continuous value)	57.5 ± 17.7^**	52.1 ± 19.6^**
Economic activities	No	56.2 ± 18.3^**	51.9 ± 19.8
Economic activities	Yes	60.9 ± 15.7	55.7 ± 16.7
Household assets	1st quartile (lowest)	47.2 ± 19.5^**	42.0 ± 20.2^**
	2nd quartile	56.0 ± 16.9	52.6 ± 17.3
	3rd quartile	60.4 ± 15.4	58.7 ± 17.5
	4th quartile (highest)	64.1 ± 14.9	58.5 ± 17.0
Medical insurance	Medical aid	43.3 ± 22.2^**	37.4 ± 18.7^**
	NHI (Self-employed)	58.6 ± 16.9	53.1 ± 18.9
	NHI (Workers)	58.5 ± 16.9	54.6 ± 18.7

Significance level: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. †Independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), or correlation analysis were performed respectively, for binary, discrete, and continuous variables. K-ADL: Korean version of activities of daily living; NHI: National Health Insurance; SD: standard deviation