Table 2.
Selected patient and hospitalization characteristics based on putative cluster membership for 5,000 randomly-selected intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Comparisons are based on analysis of variance or chi-squared tests. All between-cluster comparisons were significant to p < 0.001. Results that are distinct for a particular cluster are bolded for emphasis.
| Cluster 1 (n = 1,933; 38.7%) | Cluster 2 (n = 622; 12.4%) | Cluster 3 (n = 1,250; 25.0%) | Cluster 4 (n = 897; 17.9%) | Cluster 5 (n = 207; 4.1%) | Cluster 6 (n = 91; 1.8%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| PATIENT SUBGROUP | Relatively healthy, short-stay ICU patients | Older patients suffering catastrophic illness | Post-surgical and post-procedural patients | Older patients discharged with long-term care needs | Prior healthy patients with prolonged stay and good recovery | Patients with severe illness and desire for limits of life-sustaining therapy |
| CHARACTERISTIC | ||||||
| Patient | ||||||
| Age, years | 60.9 ± 17.1 | 72.7 ± 14.1 | 63.8 ± 15.0 | 74.8 ± 12.7 | 58.7 ± 16.3 | 79.4 ± 11.6 |
| Male | 54.6% | 52.1% | 60.0% | 47.5% | 54.1% | 53.9% |
| Comorbidity (COPS2)a | 44 ± 46 | 65 ± 52 | 35 ± 35 | 63 ± 54 | 48 ± 49 | 70 ± 54 |
| Hospitalization | ||||||
| EDb Admission | 100.0% | 86.8% | 21.5% | 82.8% | 79.7% | 100.0% |
| Most common diagnosis | Sepsis (19.8%) | Sepsis (38.9%) | Acute MIc (10.1%) | Sepsis (27.6%) | Sepsis (24.6%) | Sepsis (28.9%) |
| Need for procedure | 0.2% | 9.7% | 76.9% | 17.2% | 19.8% | 4.4% |
| Code status | ||||||
| Do not resuscitate | 0.0% | 18.0% | 0.0% | 28.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Partial code | 0.0% | 0.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 100.0% |
| Predicted hospital ortality | 4.8 ± 7.6% | 16.5 ± 19.0% | 1.9 ± 3.0% | 9.4 ± 11.9% | 8.1 ± 11.6% | 22.5 ± 19.7% |
| Intensive care unit | ||||||
| ICU length of stay, days | 1.7 ± 1.6 | 3.3 ± 3.9 | 2.0 ± 2.0 | 3.3 ± 4.7 | 13.9 ± 20.7 | 2.9 ± 4.2 |
| Severity of illnessd | 8.0 ± 8.9% | 21.6 ± 16.8% | 3.5 ± 5.9% | 12.5 ± 11.4% | 13.1 ± 12.1% | 16.4 ± 11.9% |
| Discharge | ||||||
| Total length of stay, days | 5.1 ± 5.5 | 7.0ed ± 6.7 | 6.2 ± 5.4 | 11.1 ± 10.4 | 32.3 ± 36.6 | 7.7 ± 7.4 |
| Hospital mortality | 0.0% | 78.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 10.1% | 23.1% |
| Discharge location | ||||||
| Home | 100.0% | 5.6% | 100.0% | 16.5% | 73.9% | 46.2% |
| Subacute nursing facility | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 83.5% | 14.0% | 30.8% |
| Hospice | 0.0% | 15.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 1.9% | 0.0% |
| Validation Metrics | ||||||
| Patients requiring any vasopressor | 11.6% | 42.4% | 19.7% | 20.5% | 40.1% | 27.5% |
| Patients requiring mechanical ventilation | 12.5% | 46.3% | 7.8% | 22.6% | 65.2% | 35.1% |
a
Comorbidity Point Score, version 2
b
Emergency Department
c
Myocardial infarction
d
Simplified Acute Physiology Score, version 2