Table 2.
Determinants of high sensitivity troponin I levels at day of intubation (day 0, baseline).
| Characteristic | Univariable models | Multivariable models* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Ratio of geometric means (95% confidence interval) | P-value | Ratio of geometric means (95% confidence interval) | P-value | |
| Age† | 1.85 (1.31 – 2.61) | <0.001 | 2.39 (1.68 – 3.42) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity | 0.01 | 0.019 | ||
| White | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Black | 1.69 (1.20 – 2.39) | 1.59 (1.15 – 2.20) | ||
| Other | 1.20 (0.79 – 1.80) | 1.07 (0.73 – 1.58) | ||
| Male sex | 1.06 (0.81 – 1.38) | 0.66 | ||
| Primary cause of ARDS | <0.001 | 0.008 | ||
| Aspiration | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Pneumonia | 0.68 (0.47 – 0.99) | 0.74 (0.51 – 1.05) | ||
| Sepsis | 1.61 (1.05 – 2.47) | 1.08 (0.72 – 1.64) | ||
| Transfusion | 2.56 (0.92 – 7.15) | 1.89 (0.71 – 5.00) | ||
| Trauma | 1.70 (0.83 – 3.49) | 1.83 (0.92 – 3.61) | ||
| Other | 0.62 (0.36 – 1.10) | 0.67 (0.39 – 1.15) | ||
| Temperature | 1.83 (1.31 – 2.56) | <0.001 | 1.60 (1.14 – 2.24) | 0.007 |
| Heart rate | 2.60 (1.86 – 3.64) | <0.001 | 2.34 (1.61 – 3.41) | <0.001 |
| Mean arterial pressure† | 0.88 (0.64 – 1.22) | 0.45 | ||
| Vasopressor use (yes vs. no) | 2.35 (1,78 – 3.11) | <0.001 | 1.39 (1.03 – 1.86) | 0.029 |
| Height | 1.27 (0.92 – 1.76) | 0.15 | ||
| Weight | 1.10 (0.79 – 1.55) | 0.56 | ||
| SOFA score | 3.38 (2.37 – 4.82) | <0.001 | 1.57 (1.01 – 2.45) | 0.047 |
| Tidal volume | 1.48 (1.09 – 2.01) | 0.01 | 0.97 (0.71 – 1.32) | 0.85 |
| PEEP | 1.24 (0.89 – 1.72) | 0.20 | ||
| Plateau pressure | 1.12 (0.78 – 1.61) | 0.54 | ||
| FiO2 | 1.25 (0.85 – 1.83) | 0.26 | ||
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio† | 1.05 (0.74 – 1.49) | 0.08 | 1.15 (0.74 – 1.80) | 0.63 |
| Lung compliance | 1.04 (0.80 – 1.35) | 0.78 | ||
| Murray Lung Injury score | 0.74 (0.51 – 1.09) | 0.12 | ||
| pH† | 0.71 (0.51 – 0.99) | 0.02 | 1.02 (0.68 – 1.54) | 0.54 |
| pCO2† | 0.47 (0.34 – 0.66) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.45 – 0.88) | 0.007 |
| pO2 | 1.23 (0.99 – 1.54) | 0.06 | 1.24 (0.93 – 1.64) | 0.14 |
| Creatinine† | 5.34 (3.82 – 7.46) | <0.001 | 2.59 (1.73 – 3.89) | <0.001 |
Values in the Table are ratios of geometric means calculated from linear regression models with log-high sensitivity troponin I levels as outcome. For categorical variables, the ratios are compared with respect to the reference category. For continuous variables, the ratios compare the 90th to the 10th percentiles of the predictor variable in the overall study sample. The 90th and 10th percentiles were, for age, 73 and 30 years; for temperature, 38.8 and 36.3 °C; for heart rate, 128 and 75 beats per minute; for mean arteria pressure, 94.3 and 61.7 mmHg; for height, 182.9 and 157.0 cm; for weight, 109.1 and 55.7 kg; for SOFA score, 11 and 4 points; for tidal volume, 600 and 350 cc/kg IBW; for PEEP, 15 and 5 cm H2O; for plateau pressure, 35 and 18 cm H2O; for FiO2, 1.0 and 0.4; for PaO2/FiO2 ratio, 237.3 and 73.5; for lung compliance, 48 and 17.9 mL/cmH2O; for Murray Lung Injury score, 4 and 2 points; for pH, 7.47 and 7.23; for pCO2, 51 and 29 mmHg; for pO2, 128 and 60 mmHg; for creatinine, 2.8 and 0.6 mg/dL.
Values in the Table were calculated using multiple imputation to take missing data into account (see Supplemental Table 1 for description of data available for each variable).
Values in the Table were calculated using multiple linear regression with ventilator free days or ICU free days as outcome variables and multiple imputation to take missing data into account (see Supplemental Table 1 for description of data available for each variable).”
Variables were included in the multivariable model if P <0.10 in the univariable model.
Modeled as restricted cubic splines to accommodate non-linear associations (see Methods for details).