Table 1. Next-generation immunomodulatory antibodies in clinical trials.
| Antibody Target | Combination | Conditions | Phase(s) | Enrollment | Start Date | NCT #a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-1BB | - | Melanoma | Phase 2 | 158 | Mar-8 | NCT00612664 |
| 4-1BB | rituximab | B-NHL,NSCLC,RCC,HNSCC | Phase 1 | 220 | Jun-11 | NCT01307267 |
| 4-1BB | anti-PD1 | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 45 | Aug-14 | NCT02179918 |
| 4-1BB | anti-OX40 | Neoplasms | Phase 1 | 190 | Apr-15 | NCT02315066 |
| 4-1BB | anti-PD-L1 | Advanced Cancer | Phase 1 | 317 | Nov-15 | NCT02554812 |
| 4-1BB | anti-PD1, TIL therapy, cytokine | Melanoma | 12 | Mar-16 | NCT02652455 | |
| 4-1BB | anti-PD1 | Urothelial Carcinoma,Bladder Cancer | Phase 2 | 44 | Sep-16 | NCT02845323 |
| CD27 | - | CD27 Expressing B-cell Malignancies, T-cell Malignancies, Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 90 | Oct-11 | NCT01460134 |
| CD27 | anti-CTLA-4, CDX-1401 | Unresectable Stage III or Stage IV Melanoma | Phase 1,2 | 100 | Apr-15 | NCT02413827 |
| CD27 | anti-PD-1 | NSCLC, SCCHN, Ovarian Carcinoma, Colorectal Cancer, RCC, GBM, Melanoma |
Phase 1,2 | 190 | Jan-15 | NCT02335918 |
| CD27 | anti-PD-L1 | Kidney Neoplasms | Phase 1,2 | 55 | Oct-15 | NCT02543645 |
| CD27 | glembatumumab vedotin | Melanoma | Phase 2 | 90 | Nov-14 | NCT02302339 |
| CD27 | ONT-10 vaccine | Advanced Breast Carcinoma, Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma | Phase 1 | 22 | Nov-14 | NCT02270372 |
| CD27 | radiotherapy | Prostate Cancer | Phase 1 | 21 | Nov-14 | NCT02284971 |
| CD27 | sunitinib | Kidney Neoplasms | Phase 1,2 | 58 | May-15 | NCT02386111 |
| CD40 | - | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | null | Jan-4 | NCT02225002 |
| CD40 | - | Multiple Myeloma | Phase 1 | 44 | Mar-4 | NCT00079716 |
| CD40 | - | B-NHL | Phase 1 | 50 | Dec-4 | NCT00103779 |
| CD40 | - | CLL | Phase 1 | 26 | Apr-5 | NCT00108108 |
| CD40 | - | CLL | Phase 1,2 | 12 | Jul-5 | NCT00283101 |
| CD40 | - | MM | Phase 2 | 33 | Sep-5 | NCT00231166 |
| CD40 | - | B-NHL | Phase 2 | 46 | Dec-6 | NCT00435916 |
| CD40 | - | B-NHL | Phase 1 | 29 | Jul-7 | NCT01561911 |
| CD40 | chemotherapy, dexamethasone | MM | Phase 1 | 36 | Aug-7 | NCT00525447 |
| CD40 | rituximab, chemotherapy | B-NHL | Phase 2 | 151 | Sep-7 | NCT00529503 |
| CD40 | chemotherapy, dexamethasone | Neoplasms | Phase 1 | 34 | Nov-7 | NCT00607048 |
| CD40 | rituximab | B-NHL | Phase 1 | 22 | Dec-7 | NCT00556699 |
| CD40 | - | B-NHL, HL | Phase 1,2 | 111 | Mar-8 | NCT00670592 |
| CD40 | rituximab, chemotherapy | B-NHL | Phase 1 | 33 | Apr-8 | NCT00655837 |
| CD40 | bortezomib | MM | Phase 1 | 18 | May-8 | NCT00664898 |
| CD40 | chemotherapy | Pancreatic Neoplasm | Phase 1 | 22 | Jun-8 | NCT00711191 |
| CD40 | anti-CTLA-4 | Recurrent Melanoma, Stage IV Melanoma | Phase 1 | 32 | Feb-10 | NCT01103635 |
| CD40 | chemotherapy | Follicular Lymphoma | Phase 1 | 1 | Feb-11 | NCT01275209 |
| CD40 | anti-PD-L1 | Solid Cancers | Phase 1 | 160 | Dec-14 | NCT02304393 |
| CD40 | - | Neoplasms | Phase 1 | 32 | May-15 | NCT02482168 |
| CD40 | vanucizumab | Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 170 | Jan-16 | NCT02665416 |
| CD40 | anti-PD-1 | Melanoma | Phase 1,2 | 41 | Oct-16 | NCT02706353 |
| CD73 | PD-L1 | Solid Tumours | Phase 1 | 188 | Jul-15 | NCT02503774 |
| GITR | - | Unresectable Stage III or Stage IV Malignant Melanoma or Other Solid Tumor Malignancies |
Phase 1 | 40 | Oct-10 | NCT01239134 |
| GITR | anti-PD-1 | Advanced Solid Tumor | Phase 1 | 96 | Nov-15 | NCT02553499 |
| GITR | - | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 45 | Nov-15 | NCT02583165 |
| GITR | - | Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 44 | Dec-15 | NCT02628574 |
| GITR | - | Advanced Cancer, Metastatic Cancer | Phase 1,2 | 146 | Apr-16 | NCT02697591 |
| GITR | anti-PD-1 | Solid Tumors, Lymphomas | Phase 1 | 264 | Jun-16 | NCT02740270 |
| ICOS | - | Lymphomas | Phase 1 | 46 | 16-Apr | NCT02520791 |
| ICOS | anti-PD-1 | Cancer | Phase 1 | 304 | Jun-16 | NCT02723955 |
| KIR | anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1 | B-NHL, HL, MM | Phase 1 | 375 | Jun-12 | NCT01592370 |
| KIR | anti-PD-1 | CANCER,NOS | Phase 1 | 162 | Oct-12 | NCT01714739 |
| KIR | anti-CTLA-4 | CANCER, NOS | Phase 1 | 22 | Dec-12 | NCT01750580 |
| KIR | anti-PD-1 | Solid Tumors | Phase 1,2 | 260 | Oct-15 | NCT02598960 |
| LAG-3 | anti-PD-1 | Neoplasms by Site | Phase 1 | 360 | Oct-13 | NCT01968109 |
| LAG-3 | anti-PD-1 | Hematologic Neoplasms | Phase 1,2 | 132 | Feb-14 | NCT02061761 |
| LAG-3 | anti-PD-1 | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase 1,2 | 416 | Jun-15 | NCT02460224 |
| LAG-3 | anti-4-1BB, anti-PD-1 | Glioblastoma,Gliosarcoma, Recurrent Brain Neoplasm |
Phase 1 | 68 | Mar-16 | NCT02658981 |
| LAG-3 | anti-PD-1 | Advanced Cancer | Phase 1 | 70 | May-16 | NCT02720068 |
| OX40 | vaccine | Advanced Cancer | Phase 1 | 30 | Nov-3 | NCT01644968 |
| OX40 | chemotherapy, radiotherapy | Prostate Cancer | Phase 1,2 | 10 | Oct-10 | NCT01303705 |
| OX40 | radiotherapy | Metastatic Breast Cancer,Lung Metastases,Liver Metastases |
Phase 1,2 | 40 | Feb-13 | NCT01862900 |
| OX40 | rituximab, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-L1 |
Advanced Solid Tumors,Aggressive B-cell Lymphomas |
Phase 1,2 | 58 | Aug-14 | NCT02205333 |
| OX40 | anti-PD-L1 | Recurrent or Metastatic Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 39 | Sep-14 | NCT02221960 |
| OX40 | - | Head and Neck Cancer | Phase 1 | 55 | Oct-14 | NCT02274155 |
| OX40 | - | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 196 | Mar-15 | NCT02318394 |
| OX40 | anti-PD-L1, bevacizumab | Solid Tumor | Phase 1 | 762 | Apr-15 | NCT02410512 |
| OX40 | - | Colorectal Neoplasms | Phase 1 | 44 | Sep-15 | NCT02559024 |
| OX40 | anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-L1 | Select Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 364 | Mar-16 | NCT02705482 |
| TIM-3 | anti-PD-1 | Advanced Malignancies | Phase 1,2 | 250 | Nov-15 | NCT02608268 |
| TIM-3 | anti-PD-1 | Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors | Phase 1 | 402 | Jul-16 | NCT02817633 |
| VISTA | - | Advanced Cancer | Phase 1 | 150 | Jan-16 | NCT02671955 |
a
Trials with recruitment listed as “Completed,” “Active but not recruiting,” “Terminated” or “Suspended” on clinicaltrails.gov are italicized. Trials were obtained by bulk data download from clinicaltrials.gov on August 1st 2016.