Table 1.
Variables | Mean | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Gender | 0.66 | 0.48 | |||||||||
2. Age | 25.44 | 5.19 | -0.10 | ||||||||
3. Education | 3.63 | 0.86 | -0.14* | 0.13* | |||||||
4. Tenure with leader | 1.27 | 1.06 | -0.04 | 0.18** | 0.01 | ||||||
5. Intrinsic motivation (T1) | 3.78 | 0.60 | -0.06 | 0.12* | 0.24*** | 0.09 | (0.78) | ||||
6. Abusive supervision (T1) | 1.49 | 0.79 | 0.09 | -0.11 | -0.16** | -0.04 | -0.03 | (0.97) | |||
7. Mindfulness (T2) | 4.80 | 0.62 | -0.08 | 0.24*** | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.07 | -0.14* | (0.89) | ||
8. Self-efficacy at work (T2) | 5.55 | 0.92 | -0.04 | 0.18** | 0.24*** | 0.07 | 0.24*** | -0.17** | 0.35*** | (0.93) | |
9. Creative performance (T2) | 5.18 | 0.94 | 0.13* | -0.04 | 0.18** | -0.01 | 0.01 | -0.14* | 0.09 | 0.17** | (0.78) |
an = 287 at the individual level, n = 79 at the team level. Data for variables 1–4 were obtained from the human resources department; data for variables 5 and 6 were reported by employees at time 1; data for variables 7 and 8 were reported by employees at time 2; data for variable 9 were rated by the leader at time 2. For gender, female = 0, male = 1. For education, primary school degree = 1, secondary school degree = 2, vocational school degree = 3, junior college degree = 4, undergraduate degree = 5, graduate degree = 6. Cronbach’s alpha values for the variables are shown in italics along the diagonal in the brackets. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.