Figure 3.

The inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐6 cannot overcome the inhibitory effect of TNF‐α on monocytes’ osteoclastogenesis. (a) Micrographs of monocyte cultures on plastic with the combination of different cytokines. Cells were visualized with TRAcP staining (purple) and nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). TRAcP⁺ cells with more than two nuclei were counted as osteoclasts. Scale bar = 100 μm. (b) Counting results of these nine different culture conditions. (n = 6, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001)