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. 2017 Sep 13;8:1595. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01595

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Copyright © 2017 Zhang, Li, Zhang, Wang, Qiu, Luo, Hikichi, Ohnishi and Ding.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of FA on infection process of R. solanacearum. (A) By soil-soak inoculation on humus soil cultivating tomato plants, (B) by root sipping inoculation on hydroponic cultivating tomato plants. Bacterial suspension was poured onto the humus soil or hydroponic medium at a final concentration of or 10⁷ cfu g^-1 of soil or 10⁷ cfu ml^-1 of medium. Opened circles, DMSO control; opened triangles, FA treatment. Plants were inspected daily for wilt symptoms, and scored on a disease index scale from 0 to 4 (0, no wilting; 1, 1–25% wilting; 2, 26–50% wilting; 3, 51–75% wilting; and 4, 76–100% wilted or dead). Each trail included at least 12 plants and mean values of at least three independent trails were averaged and presented with SD (error bars). Statistical significance between FA treatment and the control was assessed using a post hoc Dunnett test following ANOVA. Significance level, ^∗p < 0.05 and ^∗∗p < 0.01.