Table 2.
Outcomes following stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) in the primary treatment of early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer
| Author | Type of study | Technique/dose | No. Pts | Med follow-up (months) | OS | Local control | Med survival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haseltine et al 201641 | Retrospective analysis of central SABR | IMRT 60 Gy/5# 50 Gy/5# 48 Gy/4# 45 Gy/5# |
108 | 22.7 (range 1.5–71.5) | 63.9% at 2 years | 77.4% at 2 years | Not reported |
| Shaverdian et al 201642 | Retrospective analysis | IMRT 54 Gy/3# 50 Gy/4# |
118 | 28.9 | 77% at 3 years | 97% at 3 years | Not reported |
| Navarro-Martin et al 201643 | Phase II trial | IMRT/VMAT 54 Gy/3# |
42 | 42 (range 1.44–66) | 92% at 1 year 75% at 2 years 66% at 3 years |
92% at 3 years | 57 months |
| Chiang et al 201644 | Matched cohort comparison | SABR vs AH 50–52 Gy/4# 50 Gy/5# |
192 | 32.5 (range 0.3–62.6) | 72.4% at 3 years | 89.3% at 3 years | Not reached, at 60 months |
| Chang et al 201545 | Meta-analysis of STARs and ROSEL Phase III trials | Arc/IMRT 54 Gy/3# 50 Gy/4# Cent. or 60 Gy/5# |
31 | 40.2 (IQR 23–40.7) | 100% at 1 year (95% CI 100–100%) 95% at 3 years (95% CI 85–100%) |
96% at 3 years | Not reached at 60 months |
| Murray et al 201546 | Prospective analysis | Arc/IMRT 54 Gy/3# 55 Gy/5# 60 Gy/8# |
273 | 19.63 | 78% at 1 year 54.9% at 2 years 38.6% at 3 years |
95.7% at 3 years | 27.3 months (95% CI 22.3–33.2) |
| Nagata et al 201540 | Prospective analysis of inop and op patients | Arc/IMRT 48 Gy/4# |
164 100 inop 64 op |
47 (range 39–57) | Inop—at 3 years–59.9% (95% CI 49.6–68.8%) Op—at 3 years–76.5% (95% CI 64–85.1%) |
Inop—at 3 years–87.3% Op—at 3 years–85.4% |
Not reported |
| Gillespie et al 201547 | Review of single centre published data | IMRT 48 GY/4# 50 GY/5# |
320 | 23.75 (range 17–28) | 64.25 2 years | 95% at 2 years | Not reported |
| Chang et al 201248 | Retrospective analysis | IMRT | 130 | 26 (range 6–78) | 93% 1 year 78.2% 2 years 65.3% 3 years |
98.5% 2 years | 60 55 inop Not reached for borderline |
| Abelson et al 201249 | Retrospective review | Arc/IMRT 60 Gy/3# 54 Gy/3# 50 Gy/4# 40 Gy/4# |
54 | 13.2 (range 3.2–60.5) | 87% at 1 year 73% at 2 years |
100% 1 year 87% 2 years |
Not reached |
| Taremi et al 201250 | Prospective analysis | IMRT 48 Gy/4# 54/3# 60 Gy/3# |
108 | 19.1 (range 1–55.7) | 84% at 1 year (95% CI 76–90%) 30% at 4 years (95% CI 15–46%) |
92% at 1 year (95% CI 86–97%) 89% at 4 years (95% CI 81–965) |
32 months |
| Senthi et al 201251 | Retrospective analysis | IMRT/VMAT 54–60 Gy/3# 55–60 Gy/5# 60 Gy/8# |
676 | 32.9 months (IQR 14.9–50.9) | 4.9% (2 years LRR) (95% CI 2.7–7.1) 10.5% (5 years LRR) (95% CI 6·4–14·6) |
40.7 months (95% CI 34.7–46.8) | |
| Palma et al 201252 | Prospective analysis | Arc/IMRT 60 Gy/3#–8# PB 54 Gy/3#, 55 Gy/5#, or 60 Gy/8# with AAA algorithm |
176 | 21 | 79% at 1 year 47% at 3 years 25% at 5 years |
89% at 3 years | 32 months |
| Bongers et al 201153 | Prospective analysis | IMRT 60 Gy/3# 60 Gy/5# 60 Gy/8# |
500 | 33 (13–86) | 53.1% at 3 years | 90.4% at 3 years | – |
| Bral et al 201154 | Phase II | IMRT 60 Gy/3# 60 Gy/4# |
40 | 19.1 (range 5–33) | 52% at 2 years (SE- 11%) | 97% at 1 year (SE 5%) 84% at 2 years (SE 9%) |
– |
| Andratschke et al 201155 | Retrospective analysis | Arc/IMRT 30–45 Gy/3# 30–45 Gy/4–5# |
92 | 21 (range 3–87) | 38% at 3 years 17% at 5 years |
89% at 1 year 83% at 3 years 83% at 5 years |
29 months |
| Haasbeek et al 201156 | Prospective analysis of central lesions with SBAR | IMRT | 63 | 35 | 85.7% at 1 year 69% at 2 years 49.5% at 5 years |
94.8% at 1 year 92.6% at 2 years 92.6% at 5 years |
– |
| Haasbeek et al 201057 | Prospective analysis (>75 years)’ | IMRT 60 Gy/3# 60 Gy/5# 60 Gy/8# |
193 | 12.6 (range 3–52) | 85.7% at 1year 45.1% at 3years |
89.3% at 3 years | 32.5 months |
| Timmermann et al 201058 | Phase II | IMRT 60 Gy/3# (54/3# after heterogeneity correction) |
55 | 38.7 (range 4.8–49.9) | 55.8% at 3 years (95% CI 41.6–67.9) | 97.6% at 3 years | 48.1 months (95% CI 29.6—not reached) |
| Hamamoto et al 201059 | Prospective analysis primary vs metastatic lung lesions | IMRT 48 Gy/4# |
52 | 14 (range 3–34) | 96% 1 year and 2 years | 91% at 1 year 88% at 2 years |
– |
| Grills et al 201060 | Retrospective comparison study | IMRT 48 Gy/4# 60 Gy/5# |
58 | 30 | 72% at 30 months | 96% at 30 months | – |
| Ricardi et al 201061 | Phase II | IMRT 45 Gy/3# |
62 | 28 (range 9–60.7) | 69.2% at 2 years 57.1% at 3 years |
92.7% at 2 years 87.8% at 3 years |
– |
| Bradley et al 201033 | Prospective analysis | IMRT Med 54 Gy/3# 45 Gy/5# |
91 | 18 | 80% at 1 year 72% at 2 years |
2 years 86% | 38 months |
| Crabtree et al 201062 | Retrospective analysis | SBRT 54 Gy/3# to 80 or 85% isodose |
76 | 19 | 32% at 3 years | 89% at 3 years | – |
| Baumann et al 200963 | Phase II | IMRT 45 Gy/3#—67% isodose to PTV ∼66 Gy/3# |
60 | 35 (range 4–47) | 65% at 2 years | 92% at 2 years | 40.6 months |
| Fakiris et al 200964 | Phase II | IMRT 60 (T1)-66 (T2) Gy/3# to 80% isodose to >95% PTV |
70 | 50.2 (range 1.4–64.8) | 42.7% at 3 years (95% CI 31.1–54.3%) | 88.1% at 3 years | 32.4 months |
| Lagerwaard et al 200865 | Prospective analysis | IMRT 60 Gy/3# T1 (43%) 60 Gy/5# chest wall/T2 (45%) 60 Gy/8# Central (12%) to 80% PTV isodose |
206 | 12 (range 3–55) | 64% at 2 years | 98% at 1 year 93% at 2 years |
34 months |
| Chen et al 200836 | Retrospective analysis | Body Gamma-Knife® 48–64 Gy in 3.6–8 Gy# daily. BED 71.8–115.2 GY |
65 | 47 months (range 25–76) | 92.3% at 1 year 80% at 2 years 57.3% at 3 years 35.1% at 5 years |
– | 39 months |
| Onishi et al 200737 | Retrospective analysis | Arc/IMRT 1–14# 4.4–35 Gy/# 30–84 Gy Med BED 111 Gy (range 57.6–180 Gy) |
257 | 38 (range 2–128) | 56% at 3 years (95% CI 50.2–63.5%) 47.2% at 5 years (95% CI 38.7–53.5) |
86% (3 years) | – |
| Koto et al 200766 | Phase II | Arc/IMRT 45 Gy/3# 60 Gy/8# |
31 | 32 (range 4–87) | 71.7% at 3 years |
T1—77.9% at 3 years T2—40% at 3 years |
– |
| Hoyer et al 200667 | Prospective analysis | IMRT 45 Gy/3# to PTV 67% isodose |
40 | 28.8 | 48% at 2 years | 85% at 2 years | - |
| Nyman et al 200668 | Prospective analysis | IMRT 45 Gy/3# to 100% isodose at PTV |
45 | 43 (range 24–74) | 80% at 1 year 55% at 3 years 30% at 5 years | 39 months | |
| Nagata et al 200569 | Phase I/II | Arc/IMRT 48 Gy/4# to isocentre |
45 | Ia—30 (range 6–71) Ib—22 (range 6–61) |
93% at 1 year 72% at 2 years 83% at 3 years 83% at 5 years | 100% at 1 year 95% at 5 years |
Not reached |
| McGarry et al 200570 | Phase I study—dose escalation | IMRT 24 Gy/3# to 80% isodose at PTV escalated to 72 Gy/3# |
47 | 15.2 | 64% at 3 years | 64.7% at 1 year | – |
| Zimmermann et al 200571 | Prospective analysis | Arc/IMRT 24–37.5 Gy/3–5# 69% 37.5 Gy/3# to 60% isodose |
30 | 18 (range 6–38) | 80% at 1 year 75% at 2 years | 100% at 1 year 83% at 2 years |
– |
AAA, Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm; AH, accelerated hypofractionation; Arc, Arc therapy; BED, biologically equivalent dose; CI, confidence interval; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy; inop, inoperable; IQR, interquartile range; LRR, local relapse rate; Med, median; op, operable; OS, overall survival; PB, pencil beam algorithm; Pts, patients; PTV, planning target volume; VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy; SE, Standard Error.