Table 1. Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | Total | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 130) | (n = 32) | (n = 33) | (n = 33) | (n = 32) | ||
| Genistein (ng/ml, mean ± SEM) | 236.11 ± 30.39 | 7.83 ± 0.76 | 42.58 ± 3.31 | 163.22 ± 10.38 | 739.13 ± 64.92 | < 0.01 |
| Age (year, mean ± SEM) | 28.47 ± 0.36 | 29.31 ± 0.80 | 28.40 ± 0.72 | 28.06 ± 0.64 | 28.12 ± 0.68 | 0.583 |
| BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SEM) | 23.21 ± 0.30 | 23.11 ± 0.63 | 22.79 ± 0.40 | 23.07 ± 0.61 | 23.94 ± 0.71 | 0.567 |
| Smoking [n (%)] | ||||||
| Yes | 69 (53.1) | 16 (50.0) | 23 (69.7) | 17 (51.5) | 14 (43.8) | |
| No | 61 (46.9) | 16 (50.0) | 10 (30.3) | 16 (48.5) | 18 (56.3) | 0.178 |
| Drinking [n (%)] | ||||||
| Yes | 65 (50.0) | 15 (46.9) | 14 (42.4) | 14 (42.4) | 20 (65.6) | |
| No | 65 (50.0) | 17 (53.1) | 19 (57.6) | 19 (57.6) | 11 (34.4) | 0.242 |