(A) A 60-year-old female patient diagnosed with an ALK-rearranged adenocarcinoma cT2 N0 M1, stage IV, for a single brain lesion. After complete excision of the brain lesion, the diagnosis was obtained. The determination prior to the subsequent pulmonary surgery, performed in February 2016, was 4 CTCs. (B) After right lung lobectomy, the patient maintained CTCS positivity with a count of 3. Adjuvant chemotherapy was based on 4 cycles of carboplatin-paclitaxel. (C) In June 2016 15 CTCS were determined, correlating with a single brain progression in radiated corona. (D) After radiosurgery, a response of the lesion was correlated with a decrease in the number of CTCs. (E) In December 2016, a partial response of the brain lesion was maintained, with a greater decrease in CTCs without progression of the disease at a systemic level.