Fig. 1.

Reconstituted basement membrane/hyaluronan interface migration assay. a Assay design. b Radial migration of U-251 and E-98 cells from spheroids along the rBM–hyaluronan (HA) or methylcellulose (MC) interface after 1 day of culture, detected by bright-field microscopy. c Average distance migrated by U-251 and E-98 cells along the rBM/HA or rBM/MC interface at different concentration of HA or MC; values display medians (black line), 25/75 percentiles (boxes) and maximum/minimum (whiskers) from three independent experiments. p values, Mann–Whitney test. d 3D projection from confocal z-stack of U-251 and E-98 cell migration from multicellular spheroids (S) along rBM/HA interface (10 mg/ml HA concentration). Arrowheads indicate the invasion front. e Scanning electron microscopy of U-251 cells after 1 day of radial migration from spheroids (S) on rBM in media without or with HA (10 mg/ml). Arrowheads, invasion front with signs of degradation of rBM (HA, 0 mg/ml) or without rBM degradation (HA, 10 mg/ml). Scale bars 200 μm (b), 50 μm (d, e)