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The subpubic arch angle (SPA).
Notes: The technique of probe positioning translabially in the median plane (A) and the corresponding two-dimensional image (B) are shown. By drawing a line on the long axis of the pubic symphysis, it is possible to obtain a satisfactory view of the pubic rami (C). The SPA is then measured by the two-line function (D) (reproduced from Youssef et al with permission).84
