Skip to main content
. 2017 Sep 18;12(9):e0184709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184709

Fig 4. Effects of MSE on colonic pro-inflammatory biomarkers and fecal Lcn-2 levels in DSS-induced UC.

Fig 4

Analyses of (A) KC, (B) TNF-α, (C) NO, and (D) MPO were performed in colon culture supernatants of acute UC (n = 8/group) and chronic UC (n = 6/group) mice. All concentrations were normalized to 1 g of the colon tissue weight. Fecal levels of (E) Lcn-2 were normalized to 1 g of the fecal weight. Experimental designs and disease induction procedures are defined in Table 1. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Different letters (a, b, c) indicate significant differences between groups at p<0.05. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA); dextran sulfate sodium (DSS); keratinocyte-derived cytokine (KC); lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2); myeloperoxidase (MPO); moringa seed extract (MSE); nitric oxide (NO); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); ulcerative colitis (UC).