Appendix Table 1.

Moderating Effects of Gender (female= 1) and Self-Esteem (1987) on the Use of Cocaine (1988), Alcohol-urge (1989), and Alcohol-addiction (1989), NLSY79

	Model (1) Cocaine		Model (2) Alcohol-urge		Model (3) Alcohol-addiction

	Coef.	S.E.	Coef.	S.E.	Coef.	S.E.
Independent variable
Self-esteem 1987 (0–30)	−0.025^**	0.010	−0.066^***	0.011	−0.012^**	0.004
Sociodemographic variables
Female	−0.930^**	0.348	−1.362^***	0.373	−0.247⁺	0.129
Age 1979	−0.024	0.022	−0.020	0.023	−0.003	0.005
Race/Ethnicity
Hispanic	0.059	0.078	−0.161⁺	0.088	0.014	0.020
Black	−0.28^***	0.071	−0.291^***	0.078	0.014	0.022
Enrollment status 1979
Enrolled in high school	−0.382^**	0.134	−0.296^*	0.141	−0.083^*	0.054
Enrolled in college	−0.263⁺	0.137	−0.328^*	0.148	−0.090^*	0.045
Not enrolled, high school graduate	−0.145	0.130	−0.292^*	0.138	−0.080^*	0.045
Poverty (=1) 1979	0.049	0.096	−0.089	0.102	0.001	0.025
Mother’s education (0–20)	0.047^**	0.014	0.026⁺	0.014	0.004	0.003
Father’s education (0–20)	0.040^***	0.011	0.001	0.011	−0.001⁺	0.002
# of siblings 1979	−0.001	0.013	0.014	0.015	−0.009^**	0.003
Living with mother & father (=1)	−0.213^**	0.070	−0.142	0.079	−0.056^*	0.023
Rural (=1) 1979	−0.126⁺	0.066	0.027	0.080	−0.011	0.015
Racial discrimination (=1) 1982	0.084	0.121	0.188	0.131	−0.000	0.030
*Female* ^* *Self-Esteem 1987*	0.033^*	0.014	0.041^**	0.015	0.009⁺	0.005

N	3,562		3,562		3,562
R²	0.04		0.04		0.03

Note: Ordinary least square regression is used for Appendix Figure 1(a), 1(b), and 1(c).

⁺

p<.1;

p<.05;

^**

p<.01;

^***

p<.001, two-tailed test.