Table 2.
Random-effect summary estimates of the hazard ratios (HRs) of the association of OS of DSC except pancreatic cancer with highest versus lowest BMI comparison and site-specific analysis of digestive system cancers.
| Study | HR (95% CI) | I-squared | P heterogeneity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region | ||||
| North America | 11 | 0.77 (0.65, 0.89) | 32.5% | 0.139 |
| Other regions | 13 | 0.84 (0.70, 0.99) | 72.2% | <0.001 |
| Number of patients | ||||
| ≤500 | 11 | 0.76 (0.55, 0.96) | 81.4% | <0.001 |
| >500 | 13 | 0.87 (0.76, 0.98) | 33.5% | 0.115 |
| Study type | ||||
| Retrospective | 8 | 0.77 (0.53, 1.01) | 79.8% | <0.001 |
| Prospective | 16 | 0.84 (0.72, 0.95) | 49.3% | 0.014 |
| Adjusted for covariates | ||||
| Yes | 18 | 0.80 (0.68, 0.93) | 54.2% | 0.003 |
| No | 6 | 0.86 (0.70, 1.02) | 67.7% | 0.008 |
| Adjusted for weight loss | ||||
| Yes | 4 | 0.78 (0.52, 1.05) | 58.0% | 0.068 |
| No | 20 | 0.83 (0.71, 0.94) | 68.3% | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for tumor grade | ||||
| Yes | 6 | 0.99 (0.70, 1.28) | 51.9% | 0.065 |
| No | 18 | 0.78 (0.67, 0.90) | 74.2% | <0.001 |
| Site-specific analysis of digestive system cancers | ||||
| Oropharynx | 3 | 0.84 (0.37–1.32) | 77.7% | 0.011 |
| Esophagus | 12 | 0.77 (0.66–0.89) | 35.7% | 0.105 |
| Stomach | 4 | 0.82 (0.40–1.25) | 81.6% | 0.001 |
| Colorectum | 4 | 0.87 (0.73–1.01) | 0.0% | 0.685 |
HR = hazard ratio.