Table 3.
Association between baseline characteristics and development of inflammatory arthritis using univariate logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis after multiple imputation (n = 174)
| Univariate model | Multivariate model including US synovitis | Multivariate model including presence of PD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, years | 1.06 (1.03–1.09) | < 0.001 | 1.06 (1.03–1.10) | < 0.001 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.84 (0.42–1.70) | 0.627 | ||||
| BMI | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 0.438 | ||||
| Clinical variables | ||||||
| Tender joints, range 0–44 | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) | 0.676 | ||||
| DAS28 | 1.21 (0.92–1.58) | 0.175 | ||||
| Morning stiffness > 30 minutes | 2.39 (1.20–4.73) | 0.013 | 2.80 (1.33–5.90) | 0.007 | 3.34 (1.60–6.96) | 0.001 |
| Rheumatoid factor-positive | 1.21 (0.65–2.23) | 0.545 | ||||
| ACPA-positive | 2.08 (1.07–4.07) | 0.032 | 2.35 (1.13–4.87) | 0.021 | ||
| ESR | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.850 | ||||
| USa | ||||||
| US-positive | 3.03 (1.69–5.41) | < 0.001 | 2.65 (1.44–4.88) | 0.007 | ||
| PD-positive | 3.12 (1.61–6.03) | 0.001 | 3.44 (1.71–6.95) | 0.001 | ||
Abbreviations: ACPA Anti-citrullinated protein antibody, BMI Body mass index, DAS28 Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IA Inflammatory arthritis (defined as clinical soft tissue swelling), PD Power Doppler, US Ultrasound
aUS synovitis definition: greyscale > 1 and/or PD > 0