EXHIBIT 1.
Characteristics of adults receiving HUD housing assistance
| Characteristic | Current recipients (n = 3,179) |
SE | Future recipients (n = 835) |
SE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of assistance** | ||||
| Public housing | 22.7% | 2.3 | 27.5% | 2.2 |
| Housing choice vouchers | 53.6 | 2.3 | 44.8 | 2.2 |
| Multifamily housing | 23.7 | 2.5 | 27.7 | 2.0 |
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| SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS | ||||
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| Age range (years)** | ||||
| 18–24 | 26.9 | 1.2 | 33.2 | 2.2 |
| 25–44 | 50.1 | 1.2 | 45.7 | 2.1 |
| 45–64 | 23.0 | 1.1 | 21.1 | 1.7 |
| Sex* | ||||
| Male | 23.0 | 1.1 | 27.1 | 2.0 |
| Female | 77.0 | 1.1 | 72.9 | 2.0 |
| Race/ethnicity* | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 28.5 | 1.9 | 34.3 | 2.3 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 45.8 | 1.9 | 42.9 | 2.2 |
| Non-Hispanic other and multiracial | 4.3 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 0.7 |
| Hispanic | 21.4 | 1.3 | 20.1 | 2.0 |
| Highest level of education in family | ||||
| Less than high school | 21.7 | 0.9 | 20.3 | 1.7 |
| High school or GED | 35.2 | 1.2 | 35.3 | 2.2 |
| More than high school | 43.1 | 1.2 | 44.1 | 2.4 |
| Family income (percent of FPL)*** | ||||
| Less than 50% | 34.3 | 1.2 | 24.4 | 1.7 |
| 50%–<100% | 31.7 | 1.2 | 24.3 | 1.7 |
| 100%–<200% | 25.3 | 1.1 | 28.9 | 1.9 |
| 200% or more | 8.5 | 0.7 | 23.3 | 2.1 |
| Family size* | ||||
| 1 | 14.4 | 0.8 | 14.7 | 1.2 |
| 2 | 22.0 | 1.0 | 20.5 | 1.6 |
| 3 | 25.2 | 1.0 | 21.2 | 1.7 |
| 4 or more | 38.4 | 1.3 | 43.5 | 2.3 |
| Census region* | ||||
| Northeast | 20.8 | 1.9 | 17.9 | 1.9 |
| Midwest | 26.2 | 2.4 | 26.7 | 2.1 |
| South | 36.6 | 2.2 | 42.0 | 2.4 |
| West | 16.4 | 1.8 | 13.4 | 1.7 |
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| HEALTH | ||||
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| Serious psychological distress | ||||
| Yes | 9.8 | 0.8 | 10.4 | 1.3 |
| No | 90.2 | 0.8 | 89.6 | 1.3 |
| Number of chronic physical conditions | ||||
| 0 | 51.9 | 1.2 | 54.6 | 2.2 |
| 1 | 26.3 | 1.0 | 22.5 | 1.7 |
| 2–3 | 17.6 | 1.0 | 19.0 | 1.7 |
| 4 or more | 4.3 | 0.6 | 3.9 | 0.7 |
| Health status | ||||
| Excellent or very good | 43.9 | 1.3 | 46.7 | 2.3 |
| Good | 33.5 | 1.1 | 31.5 | 2.1 |
| Fair or poor | 22.6 | 1.1 | 21.9 | 1.7 |
SOURCE Authors’ analysis of data for 2004–12 from the National Health Interview Survey linked with administrative data for 2002–14 from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). NOTES “Current recipients” are those who received assistance at the time they responded to the survey. “Future recipients” are those who received assistance within twenty-four months of responding to the survey. Percentages may not sum to 100 because of rounding. Significance was measured using a chi-square test of the difference in distributions of each variable between current and future recipients of housing assistance. SE is standard error. GED is general educational development test. FPL is federal poverty level.
p < 0.10
p < 0.05
p < 0.01