. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017 Sep;25(9):635–647. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00620

Table 1. Passive ankle joint properties.

Ankle range of motion (ROM) and stiffness during dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were evaluated on anesthetized animals.

		IM1/ACT5		IM3/ACT3
		R	NR	R	NR
Dorsiflexion	ROM (deg)	53.86 ± 7.54^c	54.41 ± 9.09^d	47.14 ± 9.31^a	45.46 ± 8.79^b
	Toe Stiffness (N*mm/deg)	0.06 ± 0.02^c	0.06 ± 0.03^d	0.12 ± 0.03^a	0.11 ± 0.05^b
	Linear Stiffness (N*mm/deg)	0.60 ± 0.15	0.55 ± 0.13	0.69 ± 0.20	0.64 ± 0.13

Plantarflexion	ROM (deg)	43.42 ± 10.23^c	53.96 ± 9.19^d	32.44 ± 8.64^a	40.46 ± 11.67^b
	Toe Stiffness (N*mm/deg)	0.07 ± 0.02^b,c	0.06 ± 0.01^a,d	0.10 ± 0.03^a,d	0.10 ± 0.03^b,c
	Linear Stiffness (N*mm/deg)	0.27 ± 0.07	0.28 ± 0.06	0.23 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.04

^{*a, b, c, d}

denote significant differences between (a) IM1/ACT5 repaired tendons, (b) IM1/ACT5 non-repaired tendons, (c) IM3/ACT3 repaired tendons, and (d) IM3/ACT3 non-repaired tendons after Bonferroni correction (p<0.013).

Zero degrees indicates that the foot is positioned perpendicular to the tibia.