Table 2.
Standardized Parameter Estimates Predicting Child Conduct Problems at Grade 1
| Model 1 Full Model |
Model 2 Low Gatekeeping (High Encouragement) |
Model 2 High Gatekeeping (Low Encouragement) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | β | SE | p | β | SE | p | β | SE | p |
| Target child’s sex | .01 | .06 | .17 | .12 | .12 | .03 | .06 | .04 | .25 |
| Target child’s race | .04 | .05 | .04 | .47 | .30 | .16 | .33 | .20 | .20 |
| Income-to-needs | .03 | .01 | .02 | .12 | .06 | .23 | .02 | .03 | .14 |
| Maternal education | .09 | .06 | .26 | .09 | .38 | .11 | .01 | .15 | .43 |
| Paternal education | .07 | .06 | .19 | .35 | .12 | .09 | .11 | .14 | .23 |
| Study site | .01 | .03 | .31 | .16 | .18 | .18 | .00 | .15 | .33 |
| Maternal gatekeepinga | .10 | .09 | .04 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Intimate partner violence | .11 | .03 | < .01 | .43 | .21 | .02 | .04 | .07 | .10 |
| Mothers’ harsh–intrusive parenting | .04 | .02 | .02 | .01 | .11 | .22 | .04 | .07 | .15 |
| Fathers’ harsh–intrusive parenting | .08 | .05 | < .01 | .17 | .13 | .03 | .10 | .06 | .54 |
a
Maternal gatekeeping was designated in the model as the dichotomized variable “group.”