Table 1.
Long-term outcomes of patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease on anti-tumor necrosis factor maintenance therapy
| Type of anti-TNF therapy | n | Complex fistulas, % | Follow up, wk | Therapeutic outcome of interest | Therapeutic outcome, % | Ref. |
| IFX | 68 | 75 | 52 | Complete fistula closure & CDAI < 150 | 34 | [4] |
| IFX | 59 | 85 | > 56 | Complete fistula closure (PGA) | 41 | [5] |
| IFX | 13 | ND | 951 | Reduction of fistulas number (MRI) | 15 | [5] |
| IFX | 156 | 82 | 2501 | At least 1 fistula closure | 69 | [6] |
| IFX | 12 | ND | 156 | Clinical remission (PGA) | 33 | [7] |
| IFX | 12 | ND | 156 | Radiological healing (MRI) | 42 | [7] |
| IFX | 19 | ND | 52 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 53 | [8] |
| IFX | 26 | 69 | 2552 | Complete fistula closure | 42 | [9] |
| IFX (RCT) | 96 | ND | 54 | Complete fistula closure | 36 | [10] |
| IFX/ADM | 49 | ND | 1602 | Deep remission (PGA, MRI, endoscopy) | 33 | [11] |
| IFX/ADM | 49 | ND | 1602 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 53 | [11] |
| IFX/ADM | 20 | ND | 52 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 35 | [12] |
| IFX/ADM | 78 | 67 | 1921 | Absence of drainage with seton removal | 53 | [13] |
| IFX/ADM | 20 | ND | 78 | Radiological healing (MRI) | 30 | [8] |
| ADM | 7 | ND | 156 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 0 | [7] |
| ADM | 7 | ND | 156 | Radiological healing (MRI) | 14 | [7] |
| ADM | 7 | ND | 52 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 29 | [8] |
| ADM | 39 | ND | 52 | Clinical remission (FDAI) | 41 | [14] |
| ADM | 14 | ND | 52 | Radiological healing (MRI) | 43 | [14] |
| ADM | 53 | ND | 40 | Complete fistula closure | 41 | [15] |
| ADM (RCT) | 70 | ND | 56 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 33 | [16] |
| ADM (post hoc) | 70 | ND | 116 | Absence of draining fistulas (PGA) | 31 | [17] |
| CZP (RCT) | 28 | ND | 26 | Complete fistula closure | 36 | [18] |
Median;
Mean. CDAI: Crohn’s disease activity index; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; ADM: Adalimumab; IFX: Infliximab; CZP: Certolizumab pegol; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; PGA: Physician global assessment; ND: Not defined; FDAI: Fistula drainage assessment index; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.