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. 2017 Sep 18;7:11759. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12173-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

A link between gingipain/PAR2 and LPS from P. gingivalis/TRL2 pathways in the P. gingivalis infection-induced expression of inflammatory mediators by microglia. (a,b) The quantitative analyses of the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and iNOS after the infection of MG6 cells (a) and primary cultured microglia (b) with P. gingivalis in the presence and absence of TLR2 antibody (1 μg/ml) and PAR2 siRNA (50 nM). The results represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. A one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s test; (a) none vs. Pg, Pg vs. Pg + TLR2 Ab, Pg vs. Pg + TLR2 Ab + PAR2 siRNA, Pg + TLR2 Ab vs. Pg + TLR2 Ab + PAR2 siRNA were as follows: IL-6 group: ***p = 0.0001, ^††p = 0.0039, ^†††p = 0.0005, ^*p = 0.0472. TNF-α group: ***p = 0.0001, ^†††p = 0.0002, ^†††p = 0.0001, ***p = 0.0001. iNOS group: ***p = 0.0001, ^†††p = 0.0004, ^†††p = 0.0001, *p = 0.0474; (b) none vs. Pg, Pg vs. Pg + TLR2 Ab, Pg vs. Pg + TLR2 Ab + PAR2 siRNA, Pg + TLR2 Ab vs. Pg + TLR2 Ab + PAR2 siRNA were as follows: IL-6 group: ***p = 0.0001, ^††p = 0.0014, ^†††p = 0.0001, *p = 0.0347. TNF-α group: ***p = 0.0001, ^††p = 0.0042, ^†††p = 0.0001, *p = 0.0315. iNOS group: ***p = 0.0001, ^†††p = 0.0006, ^†††p = 0.0001, *p = 0.0237.