Table 4.

Predictors of subclinical and clinical PTSD based on multinomial logistic regression.

	PCL						PHQ-8
	Subclinical PTSD			PTSD			Mild Depression			MDD
Variable	B (SE)	OR	95% CI	B (SE)	OR	95% CI	B (SE)	OR	95% CI	B (SE)	OR	95% CI
Age	−0.06 (0.04)	0.94	0.86–1.02	−1.93 (1.28)	0.95	0.87–1.03	0.06 (0.03)	1.06	0.99–1.14	−0.02 (0.06)	0.98	0.88–1.10
Sex
Female	0.14 (0.53)	1.15	0.41–3.25	−0.88 (0.60)	0.42	0.13–1.36	1.11 (0.47)	3.04*	1.21–7.62	1.81 (0.65)	6.12**	1.70–21.95
Male (ref)
Lifetime history of concussion
One	−0.80 (0.55)	0.92	0.32–2.69	−0.65 (0.61)	0.52	0.16–1.74	−1.05 (0.50)	0.35*	0.13–0.93	0.43 (0.68)	1.54	0.41–5.84
More Than One	0.42 (0.58)	1.51	0.49–4.70	−0.18 (0.61)	0.83	0.25–2.72	−0.58 (0.53)	0.56	0.20–1.58	0.69 (0.71)	1.99	0.49–8.06
None (ref)
Combat Exposure
Yes	−0.94 (1.13)	0.39	0.04–3.58	0.57 (0.73)	1.76	0.42–7.34	0.18 (0.78)	1.19	0.26–5.44	1.85 (0.87)	6.38*	1.17–34.91
No (ref)
Type D
Type D	−0.51 (0.58)	0.60	0.19–1.88	−0.19 (0.57)	0.82	0.27–2.52	2.26 (0.52)	9.56**	3.46–26.40	2.38 (0.69)	10.81**	2.78–41.98
Non-Type D (ref)
BI
Inhibited	1.23 (0.50)	3.41*	1.28–9.09	1.51 (0.53)	4.54**	1.62–12.76	−0.21 (0.47)	0.81	0.32–2.04	−0.57 (0.69)	0.56	0.15–2.16
Non-Inhibited (ref)
PHQ-8 Total Score	0.22 (0.06)	1.25**	1.11–1.41	0.31 (0.06)	1.37**	1.21–1.54
PCL Total Score							0.09 (0.02)	1.09**	1.05–1.14	0.16 (0.03)	1.17**	1.11–1.23
$R_{\text{CS}}^2$	0.32						0.45
Model χ2	${\chi }_{(16)}^2$ = 84.44, p < 0.001						${\chi }_{(16)}^2$ = 133.61, p < 0.001

B, Logistic coefficient; SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; R2CS, Cox and Snell R2; ref, reference category; PHQ, Personal Health Questionnaire; PCL, PTSD Checklist; BI, Behavioral Inhibition. Significance levels:

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01.