Table 5.
Multiparametric MRI measures in healthy participants split according to age and Chronic Kidney Disease patients.
| Parameter | Healthy participants<40 years | Healthy participants>40 years | CKD mean ± SD (N = 11) | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | ANOVA between groups | <40 years vs. >40 years | >40 years vs. CKD | |||
| Renal artery flow (ml/min) | 427 ± 117 | 33 | 329 ± 69 | 40 | 314 ± 148 | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | ns | |
| Renal vein flow (ml/min) | 437 ± 142 | 21 | 334 ± 76 | 7 | 212 ± 90 | 0.0002 | 0.0773 | 0.0134 | |
| Cortex perfusion (ml/100 g/min) | 279 ± 75 | 42 | 232 ± 57 | 43 | 83 ± 68 | <0.0001 | 0.0019 | <0.0001 | |
| SE-EPI T1 (ms) (at 3 T) | Cortex | 1,347±65 | 13 | 1,399±93 | 8 | 1,530±99 | <0.0001 | ns | 0.0099 |
| Medulla | 1,635±66 | 12 | 1,685±84 | 8 | 1,726±78 | 0.0254 | ns | ns | |
| ΔT1 | 286 ± 28 | 12 | 286 ± 89 | 8 | 196 ± 45 | 0.0006 | ns | 0.0095 | |
| T2* (ms) (at 3 T) | Cortex | 48.9 ± 7.4 | 10 | 50.4 ± 5.8 | 8 | 54.6 ± 7.7 | 0.0860 | ns | ns |
| Medulla | 29.8 ± 5.4 | 10 | 29.5 ± 5.7 | 8 | 33.0 ± 9.0 | ns | ns | ns | |
| Cortex ADC (×10−3 mm2/s) | 2.3 ± 0.4 | 23 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 16 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | ns | ns | ns | |
| Cortex D (×10−3 mm2/s) | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 23 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 15 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | ns | ns | ns | |
| Total kidney volume (ml) | 361 ± 62 | 15 | 382 ± 51 | 7 | 409 ± 153 | ns | ns | ns | |
| Kidney volume, BSA corrected (ml/m2) | 184 ± 29 | 15 | 190 ± 25 | 7 | 202 ± 86 | ns | ns | ns | |
CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease; T1, longitudinal relaxation time; SE-EPI, spin echo-echo planar imaging; T2*, transverse relaxation time; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; D pure diffusion coefficient; BSA body surface area; ns, not significant.