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. 2017 Jul 17;231(4):568–584. doi: 10.1111/joa.12651

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Moment arm (MA) (in metres) and torque (Nm) around the knee across a range of joint angles. 0° refers to extended position, 140° refers to flexed position. Black arrows depict reported ranges of joint angles used for bipedal walking, quadrupedalism and climbing (Watson et al. 2009).