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. 2017 Sep 14;8:1714. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01714

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Copyright © 2017 Wang, Zhang, Chao and Zhou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Transcriptional analysis of pnpA, pnpB, pnpCDEFG, and pnpA1M operons in wild type strain WBC-3 (A,D), pnpM knockout strain WBC-3ΔpnpM (B,E) and complemented pnpM-knockout strain WBC-3ΔpnpMC (C,F). The levels of gene expression in each sample were calculated as the fold expression ratio after normalization to 16S rRNA gene transcriptional levels. The values are averages of three independent qRT-PCR experiments. Error bars indicate standard deviations. There was a significant difference in the transcription of pnpA, pnpB, pnpC, and pnpM between strains WBC-3 and WBC-3ΔpnpM (p < 0.01, Paired-samples test), respectively. Black columns stand for the fold of gene expression level induced by PNP, and gray columns stand for the fold of gene expression level without PNP.