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. 2017 Sep 14;8:1714. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01714

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Copyright © 2017 Wang, Zhang, Chao and Zhou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Determination of promoter activities by β-galactosidase. (A) Determination of promoter activities of pnpC operons induced by different substance. The β-galactosidase activity was determined in the strain PaW340 containing constructs pCMgfp-lpClacZ and pBBR1-tacexpnpM. The cells were induced by the following substrates: p-nitrophenol (PNP), m-nitrophenol (MNP), o-nitrophenol (ONP), hydroquinone (HQ), benzoquinone (BQ) and catechol, respectively. There was a significant difference in promoter activity between PNP and HQ as well as other substrates as inducers (p < 0.05). (B) Expression of promoter pnpA-lacZ translational fusions in strain PaW340. The β-galactosidase activities were determined in the strains: 1. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpAlacZ+pBBR1-mcs2); 2. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpAlacZ+pBBR1-tacpnpR); 3. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpAlacZ+pBBR1-tacexpnpM); 4. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpAlacZ+pBBR1-tacpnpMpnpR). There was a significant difference in the promoter activity of pnpA operon between regulator PnpR and PnpM with or without PNP (p < 0.05, Paired-samples test). (C) Expression of promoter pnpC-lacZ translational fusions in strain PaW340. The β-galactosidase activities were determined in the above strains: 1. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpClacZ+pBBR1-mcs2); 2. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpClacZ+pBBR1-tacpnpR); 3. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpClacZ+pBBR1-tacexpnpM); 4. PaW340 (pCMgfp-lpClacZ+pBBR1-tacpnpMpnpR). There was a significant difference in the promoter activity of pnpC operon among different inducer (p < 0.05, Paired-samples test). Light gray columns stand for gene expression level without inducer. Gray columns stand for gene expression level induced by PNP. Black columns stand for gene expression level induced by HQ.