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. 2017 Sep 11;8:1048. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01048

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Copyright © 2017 Meyer, Saccone, Tugizimana, Asani, Jeffery and Bornman.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Interaction between season, race, and 25(OH)D₃ status influence vitamin D receptor (VDR) transactivation of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1). The line graphs show the interaction effects for CAMP mRNA (A) and CYP24A1 mRNA (B) level, quantified by RT-qPCR, in monocytes/macrophages from healthy Black (n = 34) and White (n = 41) South Africans. Season and race interacted significantly to influence CAMP mRNA (P < 0.050), while season, race, and 25(OH)D₃ status showed interaction effects on CYP24A1 mRNA levels (P < 0.050). Error bars show the least significant difference at P < 0.050. nc. = not collected.