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. 2017 Sep 14;7:404. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00404

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Copyright © 2017 Maboni, Davenport, Sessford, Baiker, Jensen, Blanchard, Wattegedera, Entrican and Tötemeyer.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Tissue integrity and cell viability assessment of skin explants cultured in the 3D model after 28 h of infection with aprV2 and aprB2 Dichelobacter nodosus. (A) Tissue integrity and viability score (H&E) after 28 h of bacterial infection for both epidermis and dermis. Histological score 0: tissue is not viable; score 1: viable tissue, but showing marked signs of tissue degeneration; score 1.5: viable tissue, but showing moderate to marked signs of tissue degeneration; score 2: viable tissue, but showing moderate signs of tissue degeneration; score 2.5: viable tissue, but showing mild to moderate signs of tissue degeneration; score 3: tissue is viable and shows only few mild signs of tissue degeneration. (B) Percentage of live cells (TUNEL negative, no DNA fragmentation) in the epidermis and dermis of skin explants after 28 h of bacterial infection. Each point indicates a single explant. Black bars indicate median. TUNEL data were analyzed by Dunn's multiple comparisons test using GraphPad Prism.