Table 4.
Comparison of selected characteristics between groups with normal and raised fasting glucose or HbA1c based on ADA criteria*
| Normal | Raised | Absolute difference (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Fasting glucose: |
|||
| Age (years) | 45.2 (0.8) |
53.7 (1.5) |
8.5 (5.5, 11.4) |
| Female sex (%) | 52.7% |
50.1% |
–2.8 (–12.3, 6.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 (0.4) |
30.1 (0.6) |
2.5 (1.0, 4.0) |
| Waist (cm) | 89.8 (0.8) |
97.0 (1.2) |
7.0 (3.9, 10.2) |
| sBP (mmHg) | 126.6 (0.7) |
135.9 (1.9) |
9.2 (5.3, 13.0) |
| dBP (mmHg) | 76.4 (0.5) |
80.3 (1.1) |
4.1 (1.8, 6.3) |
| Hypertension (%)† | 28.4 |
56.8 |
28.3 (19.0, 37.6) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.36 (0.01) |
1.29 (0.02) |
–0.07 (–0.12, –0.02) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) |
0.97 (0.02) |
1.17 (0.06) |
0.20 (0.07, 0.34) |
|
HbA1c: |
|||
| Age (years) | 41.3 (0.8) |
51.9 (0.9) |
10.9 (8.6, 13.2) |
| Female sex (%) | 46.8% |
56.6% |
9.6 (2.5, 16.6) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 (0.4) |
29.5 (0.4) |
3.0 (1.7, 4.2) |
| Waist (cm) | 87.0 (1.0) |
94.9 (0.8) |
7.7 (4.9, 10.5) |
| sBP (mmHg) | 124.8 (1.0) |
131.8 (0.9) |
7.4 (4.8, 10.1) |
| dBP (mmHg) | 75.9 (0.8) |
78.4 (0.6) |
2.8 (1.0, 4.7) |
| Hypertension (%)† | 22.2 |
44.9 |
22.7 (15.3, 30.0) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.34 (0.02) |
1.34 (0.02) |
0.00 (–0.05, 00.1) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.96 (0.03) | 1.05 (0.03) | 0.09 (0.00, 00.2) |
HBA1c – haemoglobin A1c, BMI – body mass index, sBP – systolic blood pressure, dBP – diastolic blood pressure, HDL – high density lipoprotein
*Figures are means (standard error) unless otherwise indicated.
†On BP lowering medication and/or blood pressure ≥140/90. See text for details.