Table 3.
Phenotypic correlations of the seedling root traits in the ‘pouch and wick’ system with yield, yield components and phenology in (1) field trials during 2012 and 2013, and (2) in pot trials in a glasshouse in 2014 for the Forno × Oberkulmer mapping population
| SRN |
SRL |
TRL |
MW |
MD |
W/D |
TA |
EA |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1)Field | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 |
| MHY | −0 ·01 | 0 ·22** | 0 ·09 | 0 ·17* | 0 ·05 | 0 ·31** | 0 ·09 | 0 ·20** | 0 ·10 | 0 ·31** | 0 ·07 | 0 ·05 | −0 ·06 | −0 ·14* | 0 ·05 | −0 ·03 |
| GPSM | 0 ·22 | 0 ·29** | 0 ·01 | 0 ·18 | 0 ·22 | 0 ·40** | 0 ·25* | 0 ·27** | 0 ·09 | 0 ·33** | 0 ·24* | 0 ·09 | 0 ·02 | −0 ·12 | 0 ·07 | −0 ·14 |
| SPSM | 0 ·21 | 0 ·18 | −0 ·03 | 0 ·02 | 0 ·19 | 0 ·17 | 0 ·25* | 0 ·21* | −0 ·02 | 0 ·02 | 0 ·25* | 0 ·16 | 0 ·01 | 0 ·02 | −0 ·05 | −0 ·01 |
| GPS | 0 ·32** | 0 ·31** | 0 ·06 | −0 ·05 | 0 ·35** | 0 ·22* | 0 ·22 | 0 ·04 | 0 ·18 | 0 ·06 | 0 ·18 | 0 ·03 | 0 ·09 | 0 ·05 | −0 ·03 | 0 ·01 |
| TGW | −0 ·47** | −0 ·37** | 0 ·12 | 0 ·13 | −0 ·36** | −0 ·23* | −0 ·25* | −0 ·07 | −0 ·07 | 0 ·03 | −0 ·21 | −0 ·09 | −0 ·08 | 0 ·03 | 0 ·14 | 0 ·08 |
| BPSM | 0 ·22 | 0 ·25** | 0 ·11 | −0 ·01 | 0 ·30** | 0 ·18* | 0 ·29* | 0 ·16 | 0 ·08 | 0 ·03 | 0 ·25* | 0 ·13 | 0 ·05 | 0 ·16 | 0 ·16 | 0 ·14 |
| GS31 | 0 ·14 | 0 ·22* | −0 ·05 | −0 ·14 | 0 ·11 | 0 ·08 | 0 ·16 | −0 ·04 | −0 ·03 | −0 ·10 | 0 ·15 | 0 ·01 | 0 ·03 | 0 ·02 | 0 ·09 | −0 ·03 |
| GS39 | 0 ·00 | 0 ·06 | −0 ·13 | −0 ·09 | −0 ·11 | −0 ·03 | −0 ·04 | −0 ·09 | −0 ·14 | −0 ·11 | −0 ·01 | −0 ·04 | 0 ·09 | 0 ·01 | 0 ·09 | −0 ·06 |
| GS61 | 0 ·17 | 0 ·14 | −0 ·30** | −0 ·20* | −0 ·07 | −0 ·04 | 0 ·08 | −0 ·06 | −0 ·24* | −0 ·19* | 0 ·16 | 0 ·04 | 0 ·21 | 0 ·13 | 0 ·01 | −0 ·03 |
| GS92 | 0 ·35** | 0 ·30** | −0 ·10 | −0 ·12 | 0 ·23* | 0 ·16 | 0 ·24* | 0 ·04 | 0 ·03 | −0 ·09 | 0 ·25* | 0 ·10 | 0 ·19 | 0 ·09 | 0 ·01 | −0 ·05 |
| GS31−GS39 | −0 ·14 | −0 ·21* | −0 ·05 | 0 ·09 | −0 ·19 | −0 ·12 | −0 ·18 | −0 ·04 | −0 ·08 | 0 ·02 | −0 ·16 | −0 ·06 | 0 ·04 | −0 ·01 | −0 ·02 | −0 ·02 |
| GS39−GS61 | 0 ·22 | 0 ·16 | −0 ·25* | −0 ·23* | 0 ·03 | −0 ·02 | 0 ·14 | 0 ·02 | −0 ·16 | −0 ·18 | 0 ·22 | 0 ·14 | 0 ·18 | 0 ·22* | −0 ·08 | 0 ·04 |
| GS31−GS61 | 0 ·03 | −0 ·11 | −0 ·22 | −0 ·05 | −0 ·15 | −0 ·13 | −0 ·06 | −0 ·03 | −0 ·17 | −0 ·09 | 0 ·02 | 0 ·03 | 0 ·15 | 0 ·12 | −0 ·07 | 0 ·00 |
| GS61−GS92 | 0 ·34** | 0 ·34** | 0 ·01 | −0 ·07 | 0 ·30* | 0 ·23* | 0 ·24* | 0 ·08 | 0 ·14 | −0 ·03 | 0 ·23 | 0 ·12 | 0 ·14 | 0 ·06 | 0 ·01 | −0 ·05 |
| (2) Glasshouse in 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
| GPS | 0 ·27** | −0 ·01 | 0 ·23* | 0 ·06 | 0 ·12 | 0 ·00 | −0 ·02 | −0 ·09 | ||||||||
| TGW | −0 ·22* | 0 ·01 | −0 ·20* | −0 ·08 | −0 ·06 | −0 ·06 | 0 ·10 | −0 ·10 | ||||||||
Trait abbreviations: SRN, seminal root number; SRL, seminal root length; TRL, total root length; MW, maximum width; MD, maximum depth; W/D, width to depth ratio; TA, the tip angle of seminal root; EA, the emergence angle of seminal root; MHY, machine-harvested yield; GPSM, grains m–2; SPSM, spikes m–2; GPS, grains per spike; TGW, thousand grain weight; BPSM, biomass m–2; GS31, GS39, GS61 and GS92, the accumulated thermal time at the onset of stem elongation, full flag leaf emergence, anthesis and maturity, respectively.
Significant at P < 0 ·05, **significant at P < 0 ·01.