Fig 3. Pooling of all countries and years for a total of 936 observations, over the time interval 1990–2008 and for a number of countries varying between 145 and 148.
The red line shows a non-parametric kernel estimation of the UTIP-UNIDO coefficient versus Relative GDP per capita. The green shadowed area represents a 90% confidence interval of UTIP-UNIDO expected values and has been computed with bootstrap. The negative relation reflects the one foreseen by the second half of the Kuznets curve: industrially advanced economies with high GDP per capita have low UTIP-UNIDO and vice versa.