Table 3. Characteristics of the population enrolled in the Old World leishmaniasis studies.
| Year, Author | Age (mean, years ± SD) | Gender male/female | Mean of lesions per patient ± SD | Lesion sitea b | Mean of lesion area/mm2 ± SD | Leishmania species characterization (n) | Type of lesion (number of lesions) | Mean of lesion duration (months before therapy ± SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016, Jaffary | 24.5 ± 14 | NR | NR | Upper limbs (43), lower limbs (15), face (8), trunk (5), neck (4), more than one site (15) a | NR | NR | Nodule (66), papule (48) | NR |
| 2016, Rajabi | Azitro: 21.2 ± 16.4 | Original table with error | 1.5 | Head/neck (29), upper limbs (54), lower limbs (14), trunk (2)b | 147±239 | NR | Papule (32), plaque (28), ulcer (10), nodule (24) | NR |
| MA-IL: 30.0 ± 17.3 | 254±364 | |||||||
| 2016, Yesilova | MA-IL: 22.6 ± 17.8 | 1487/1969 | NR | Head/neck (1665), upper limbs (347), lower limbs (1225), trunk (18), mucosal (94), generalized (98) a | NR | NR | Ulcer (1891), papule (240), nodule (1233) | More than 6 weeks in 88% of the patients |
| SSG-IL: 25,4 ± 16,5 | ||||||||
| 2015, Ranawaka | 32.7 | 286/158 | 1.6 | Face (98), upper limbs (252), lower limbs (116), trunk (54)b | NR | NR | Papule (181), nodule (56), plaque (31), ulcer (271) | NR |
| 2015, Refai | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 2014, Stahl | 29 | 32/37 | NR | Head (10), trunk (1), upper limbs (42), lower limbs (16) a | NR | L. major (16) | NR | NR |
| L. tropica (28) | ||||||||
| 2014, Agrawal | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 92/59 | 1.4 | Face (109), lower limbs (12), upper limbs (15), trunk (2), multiple sites (13) a | NR | L. tropica (13) | Plaque (164), papule (53) | 4.5 ± 0.29 |
| 2014, Solomon | 8.8 | 31/16 | 2.8 | Head/neck (36), trunk (9), upper limbs (16), lower limbs (1)a | NR | NR | NR | 3.8 |
| 2014, Nilforoushzadeh | 10.7 ± 22 | 101/86 | 1.6 | NR | 359 ± 55.6 | NR | Papule (20), nodule (71), plaque (139), ulcer (89) | NR |
| 2013, Mohammadzadeh | 30.8 ± 20.1 | 76/61 | 2.2 ± 2.1 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 2013, Bumb | RFHT: 20 | 47/53 | 1.6 | NR | NR | L. tropica (27) | NR | 3 |
| SSG-IL: 20.5 | 3 | |||||||
| 2012, Maleki | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 2012, Nilforoushzadeh | 25.1 ± 13.3 | NR | 1.3 | Head and upper limbs (61), lower limbs (15)a | MA-IL:32 ± 9 | NR | NR | NR |
| RFHT+ TCA: 27 ± 4 | ||||||||
| 2012, Safi | RFHT: 14 | 177/205 | NR | Face/Neck (161), upper limbs (26), lower limbs (2)a | 100 | NR | Ulcer (6), nodule (168), papule (208) | NR |
| MA-IL: 13 | 200 | |||||||
| 2011, Layegh | MA-IL: 25.3 ± 15.7 | 44/66 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | Head/necks (48), upper limbs (50), leg/trunk (12)a | NR | NR | 1 ± 0.4 | |
| LAmB-IL:20.5 ± 18,7 | 1.9 ± 1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | ||||||
| 2010, van Thiel | NR | 161 | 1.3 | Hands/neck/head (20), upper limbs (61), trunk/lower limbs (132)b | NR | NR | Ulcer (64), nodule (57) | 0.9 |
| 2010, Bumb | NR | 104/116 | 1.4 | Face (88), limbs (197), trunk (13)b | NR | L. tropica (18) | Papule (110), plaque (188) | Half of the patients had lesions with < 3 months duration, most of the rest were between 3 and 6 months |
| 2010, Ranawaka | 32 | 99/55 | 1.5 | Ear (3), nose (3), lip (5), face (30), upper limbs (123), lower limbs (43), trunk (14), buttock (1)a | NR | NR | Papule (52), nodule (28), plaque (14), ulcer (121) | 7.2 |
| 2009, Solomon | 23 ± 9 | 44/10 | 6 | NR | NR | NR | NR | SSG-IL: 2.5 |
| SSG-IV: 4 | ||||||||
| 2009, Layegh | Cryo: 6.8 ± 3.4 | 38/41 | 1.9 ± 1.2 | Head/necks (55), hand (23), foot (7)b | NR | NR | Papule (72), nodule (5), ulcer (3) | 2.8 ± 2.9 |
| MA-IL: 6.2 ± 3.4 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 3 ± 4.5 | ||||||
| 2008, Qasmi | 12 | 02/out | 1 | Face (9), neck (3), upper limbs (1)a | NR | NR | Ulcer: (8), nodule: (4) | 11.8 |
| 2007, Nilforoushzadeh | Honey+MA-IL:26.1 ± 15.1 | 61/29 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | Foot (42), hand (37), other areas (11) b | NR | NR | Plaque (62),nodule (17), papule (7), ulcer (4) | NR |
| MA-IL: 25.6 ± 14.9 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | |||||||
| 2007, Sadeghian | RFHT: 25.1 ± 13 | 66/51 | 1.5 | Upper limbs (77), lower limbs (57), trunk (43)b | NR | NR | Papule (55), plaque (56), nodule (66) | 1.1 ± 0.5 |
| MA-IL: 22.6 ± 12 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | |||||||
| 2006, Niforoushzadeh | 25.7 | 40/33 | 1.3 | NR | NR | NR | Papule (44), nodule (23), plaque (12), ulcer (6) | 1.3 |
| 2006, Salmanpour | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 2005, Sadeghian | HS:18.7 ± 2 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| MA-IL: 20.5 ± 3 | ||||||||
| 2005, Shazad | Paro: 20.6 ± 1.2 | 60 | 2.3 | Head/neck (25), upper limbs (61), lower limbs (47), trunk (3)b | NR | NR | Papule (23), nodule (14), ulcer (99) | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
| MA-IL: 21.7 ± 2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | |||||||
| 2003, Nilforoushzadeh | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 2003, Faghihi | 16 | 40/56 | 2 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 2001, Salmanpour | Keto: 20.7± 12.7 | 44/52 | 2.5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 2.6 ± 1.4 |
| MA-IL: 21.3 ± 14.7 | 2.3 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | ||||||
| 1999, Chahed | NR | 56/53 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | Upper limbs (19), face (19), lower limbs (45), trunk (2)a | NR | NR | Papule (14), nodule (9), ulcer (49), plaque (13) | 1.76 ± 0.16 |
| 1990, el Darouti | Cryo+MA-IL: 32 | 25/19 | 1.1 | Lower limbs (28), upper limbs (22), face (8), trunk (2)b | NR | NR | NR | 2.2 |
| Cryo:30.5 | ||||||||
| SSG-IL: 32.5 | ||||||||
| 1979, Ghosn | 23.8 | 22/set | NR | NR | NR | NR | Ulcer (13), nodule (21) | NR |
NR: no reported Azithro: Azitromycin Cryo: Cryotherapy HS: intralesional hypertonic saline Keto: Ketoconazole Paro: Paromomycin L-AmB-IL: intralesional liposomal amphotericin B MA-IL: intralesional meglumine antimoniate RFHT: radiofrequency heat therapy SSG-IL: intralesional sodium stibogluconate TCA: topical trichloroacetic acid
a: number of patients
b: number of lesions