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. 2017 May 4;2(3):420–428. doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2017.05.001

Table 5.

Errors and margins associated with intraobserver shift differences between kV-FM and ST-CBCT (mm)

A-P L-R S-I
ΔShiftkV-CBCT ± SD 0.3 ± 3.8 −1.1 ± 8.5 −2.0 ± 3.7
Mean Error (M) 0.5 −0.3 −2.3
Systematic Error (Σ) 1.0 1.3 3.2
Random Error (σ) 3.4 2.9 2.2
Margins 4.8 5.4 9.5

A-P, anterior-posterior; kV-FM, kV orthogonal imaging with fiducial markers; L-R, left-right; S-I, superior-inferior; SD, standard deviation; ST-CBCT, soft-tissue cone beam computed tomography.