Table 2.
Clinical characteristics by patterns of corticosteroid injection use (N=316*).
| Characteristics | Switching users (n=56) |
Continued users (n=75) |
One-time users (n=185) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) age in years | 67.2 (9.5) | 67.0 (7.9) | 68.7 (9.5) | |
| Mean intervals | 2.3 (1.7) | 1.9 (1.5) | NA | |
| Women (%)a | 66.1 | 60.0 | 64.3 | |
| Race/ethnicity (%)a | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 76.8 | 74.7 | 78.4 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 14.3 | 20.0 | 18.4 | |
| Other | 8.9 | 5.3 | 3.2 | |
| Education (%)a | ||||
| High school or less | 14.3 | 14.7 | 21.7 | |
| Some college | 21.4 | 26.7 | 27.7 | |
| College graduate | 28.6 | 24.0 | 20.1 | |
| Some graduate school or above | 35.7 | 34.7 | 30.4 | |
| Income (%)a | ||||
| <$25,000 | 14.3 | 12.0 | 15.8 | |
| $25,000 - $50,000 | 28.6 | 28.0 | 33.7 | |
| >$50,000 | 57.1 | 60.0 | 50.5 | |
| Body mass index (%) | ||||
| Normal | 14.3 | 12.0 | 13.0 | |
| Overweight | 33.9 | 45.3 | 41.1 | |
| Obese | 51.8 | 42.7 | 46.0 | |
| Health care coverage (%) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 98.9 | |
| Kellgren-Lawrence grade (%) | ||||
| 2 | 48.9 | 38.6 | 30.2 | |
| 3 | 28.9 | 38.6 | 39.0 | |
| 4 | 22.2 | 22.9 | 30.8 | |
| Multi-joint symptoms (%) | 66.1 | 58.7 | 51.9 | |
| History of knee injury (%) | 42.9 | 49.3 | 51.4 | |
| History of knee surgery (%) | 23.2 | 32.0 | 37.3 | |
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D >16) (%) | 18.2 | 13.3 | 14.0 | |
| Comorbidity status | ||||
| 0 | 52.7 | 58.7 | 65.8 | |
| 1 | 32.7 | 24.0 | 15.2 | |
| ≥2 | 14.6 | 17.3 | 19.0 | |
| WOMAC scores, mean (SD) | ||||
| Pain | 7.0 (4.4) | 5.2 (4.0) | 6.3 (4.1) | |
| Stiffness | 3.0 (1.8) | 2.5 (1.8) | 2.9 (1.7) | |
| Physical function | 20.2 (12.7) | 17.2 (13.6) | 19.6 (13.2) | |
| Joint space width, mean (SD) | 4.7 (1.9) | 4.4 (2.0) | 4.2 (1.9) | |
| SF-12 PCS, mean (SD) | 39.4 (8.7) | 41.1 (10.3) | 41.3 (9.9) | |
| SF-12 MCS, mean (SD) | 54.8 (10.4) | 55.1 (9.5) | 53.8 (9.3) | |
| PACE, mean (SD) | 141.0 (81.0) | 137.9 (71.8) | 137.3 (73.8) | |
Abbreviation: CES-D, Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; MCS, SF-12 Mental Component Summary scores; PACE, Physical activity scale for the elderly; PCS, SF-12 Physical Component Summary scores; SD, standard deviation; WOMAC, The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index.
a
Information at enrollment was used.
*
Number of participants with missing information: education (1), annual household income (1), health care coverage (10), Kellgren-Lawrence grade (42), CES-D (7), comorbidity status (2), WOMAC Physical function (7), joint space width (94), SF-12 PCS (16), SF-12 MCS (16), PACE (20).