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. 2017 Sep 19;7:11834. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10738-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cumulative mortalities of L. vannamei in experimental infections. Two groups of shrimp were challenged with filtrate of tissue extracts by either intermuscular injection (im) injection or anal reverse garvage (rg). Another group of shrimp was challenged via per os infection (per os). The the control groups were treated in the same way with PPB-His buffer in group im (c) and group rg (c), respectively, or fed with shrimp feed in group per os (c). Cumulative mortalities are shown as means of data from 3 replicates for each experimental group (each replicate included 30 individuals).