Table 1.
Clinical and demographic variables (mean ± SD).
| Bipolar disorder | Healthy controls | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (male:female) | 12:24 | 17:25 |
| Age (years) | 39.2 ± 9.2 | 36.9 ± 10.0 |
| Type (A-A:A-B) | 17:19 | 18:24 |
| Educated years | 15.0 ± 2.4 | 14.1 ± 2.1 |
| JART | 107.0 ± 9.2 | 106.9 ± 8.2 |
| MADRS | 6.2 ± 4.4 | – |
| YMRS | 2.3 ± 3.1 | – |
| Subtype (BP1:BP2) | 9:27 | – |
| Non-remission patients | 9 | – |
| History of psychosis | 8 | – |
| Duration of illness (months) | 92.0 ± 1.1 | – |
| Number of hospitalization | 1.1 ± 1.6 | – |
A-A, standard–standard; A-B, standard–alternate; JART, Japanese Adult Reading Test; MADRS, Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.