Table 2.
Serum levels of adipokines and TRAIL according to abdominal obesity categories.
| Parameters | Waist circumference (cm) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤79.9 [n = 47] | 80–87.9 [n = 43] | ≥88 [n = 57] | p ∗ | |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.4 ± 1.9 | NS |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 1.7 (1.3–2.4) | 1.9 (1.2–2.6) | 2.0 (1.4–2.7) | NS |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.4 (0.3–0.8) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 1.0 (0.4–1.7)a,b | <0.01 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 207 (147–306) | 193 (158–276) | 213 (166–278) | NS |
| Resistin (pg/mL) | 11,051 ± 4628 | 13,398 ± 7721a | 13,540 ± 5476a | <0.05 |
| Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 80 (49–170) | 69 (37–158)a | 43 (22–57)a,b | <0.01 |
| HGF (pg/mL) | 215 (108–318) | 306 (187–483) | 377 (272–571)a,b | <0.01 |
| NGF (pg/mL) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.2 (0.8–1.6) | NS |
| Adipsin (μg/mL) | 3.7 (3.1–4.5) | 3.9 (3.3–4.8) | 4.6 (4.8–6.0)a,b | <0.01 |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 6 (4–13) | 14 (6–22)a | 29 (13–39)a,b | <0.01 |
| Lipocalin-2/ngal (ng/mL) | 135 ± 48 | 157 ± 82 | 160 ± 60a | <0.05 |
| PAI-1 total (ng/mL) | 46 ± 22 | 53 ± 22 | 61 ± 22a | <0.01 |
| TRAIL | 100 ± 20 | 110 ± 23a | 110 ± 25 | NS |
Data presented are expressed as mean ± standard deviation for normal continuous variables; median (interquartile range) for nonnormal continuous variables. ∗ANOVA (post hoc test: Tukey) or Kruskall-Wallis (post hoc test: Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test followed by Bonferroni correction). ap < 0.05 versus normal; bp < 0.05 versus overweight. IL: interleukin; PAI-1 total: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; ngal: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NGF: nerve growth factor.