Table 1.
Literature about leadership types and manager.
| Authors | Paper Design | Stressors |
|---|---|---|
| Agervold and Mikkelsen [36] | The Psychosocial Work Environment and Stress Questionnaire (PWSQ) | Autocratic management style |
| Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ) | ||
| t-test and chi-square | ||
| N = 186 | ||
|
| ||
| Hauge et al. [7] | NAQ-Revised | Tyrannical leadership; laissez-faire leadership |
| MANOVA | ||
| N = 2539 | ||
|
| ||
| Nyberg et al. [37] | Multiple logistic regression analyses | Inspirational leadership, autocratic leadership, and self-centered leadership |
| N = 5141 | ||
|
| ||
| Hoel et al. [38] | Structural equation models | Autocratic leadership; participative leadership; noncontingent punishment (NCP leadership); laissez-faire style of leadership |
| N = 5288 | ||
|
| ||
| Westerlund et al. [39] | Logistic regressions | Attentive managerial leadership |
| N = 12622 | ||
|
| ||
| Oxenstierna et al. [40] | Multiple logistic regressions | Lack of trust in leadership, dictatorial leadership, bad relationship to closest superior |
| t-test | ||
| N = 2203 | ||
|
| ||
| Mihalcea [41] | t-test; chi-square | Laissez-faire Transactional leadership |
| N = 1272 | ||
| The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) | ||