Table 3.
Associations between Mother and Father Meal Preparation Involvement and Adolescent Dietary Intake and Eating Patterns*
| Adolescent Dietary Quality & Eating Patterns: | Mother Involvement with Meal Preparation (n=1893) | Father Involvement with Meal Preparation (n=1082) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I usually prepare food for the family: | Yes (n=1662) | No (n=220) | p-value | Difference (95% CI) | Yes (n=434) | No (n=640) | p-value | Difference (95%CI) |
| Dietary Quality: | ||||||||
| Fruit/servings per day (1/2 cup) | 1.38 | 1.29 | 0.21 | −0.09 (−0.24, 0.05) | 1.35 | 1.22 | 0.06 | −0.12 (−0.25, 0.01) |
| Vegetables/per day (1/2 cup) | 1.42 | 1.40 | 0.91 | −0.01 (−0.25, 0.23) | 1.44 | 1.34 | 0.35 | −0.10 (−0.33, 0.12) |
| Sugar-sweetened beverages/per day (1 glass) | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.02 (−0.11, 0.15) | 0.72 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 0.05 (−0.07, 0.17) |
| Iron intake/per day (mg) | 12.4 | 12.8 | 0.31 | .43 (-.43, 1.28) | 12.3 | 12.5 | 0.53 | 0.27 (−0.63, 1.18) |
| Calcium/per day (mg) | 943 | 966 | 0.54 | 22 (−52, 96) | 974 | 928 | 0.30 | −46 (−135, 43) |
| Folate/per day (mcg) | 573 | 584 | 0.61 | 10 (−31, 52) | 577 | 573 | 0.80 | −5 (−46, 36) |
| Vitamin D/per day (IU) | 195 | 203 | 0.47 | 7.6 (−13.9, 29.1) | 212 | 197 | 0.11 | −15 (−34, 4) |
| Vitamin C/per day (mg) | 130 | 127 | 0.63 | −3.0 (−15.4, 9.5) | 125 | 116 | 0.08 | −10 (−21, 1.3) |
| Fiber intake/per day (g) | 15.1 | 15.4 | 0.66 | 0.3 (−1.0, 1.5) | 15.2 | 14.9 | 0.56 | −0.3 (−1.4, 0.8) |
| Fat (% energy) | 29.5 | 30.0 | 0.25 | 0.5 (−0.4, 1.3) | 29.3 | 29.8 | 0.08 | 0.5 (−0.1, 1.0) |
| Eating Patterns: | ||||||||
| Breakfast consumption per week | 4.1 | 4.2 | 0.47 | 0.2 (−0.3, 0.7) | 4.5 | 4.4 | 0.70 | 0.0 (−0.3, 0.2) |
| Fast Food consumption per week | 3.5 | 3.4 | 0.64 | −0.1 (−0.8, 0.5) | 2.8 | 3.2 | 0.08 | 0.4 − (−0.1, 0.8) |
| Family meal frequency per week | 4.3 | 4.6 | 0.19 | 0.3 (−0.2, 0.7) | 4.8 | 4.9 | 0.52 | 0.1 (−0.3, 0.5) |
*
Adjusted for adolescent gender, age, and race/ethnicity; parental education; family meal frequency (except for eating pattern variables) household size, household structure.