FIG 4.

DHMA increases attachment of EHEC 86-24 to HeLa cells. The effect of DHMA and NE on attachment of EHEC 86-24 to HeLa cells was determined. The increase in attachment relative to that for the control (i.e., the ratio of the number of EHEC cells attached when the cells were grown with DHMA or NE relative to the number of EHEC cells attached when the cells were grown only with solvent) was calculated. The means and standard errors of the means are shown for six biological replicates with three experimental replicates each, using the EHEC 86-24 wild-type strain or the isogenic ΔqseC derivative. *, statistical significance of P < 0.001 by Student's t test.